Chapter 1 - Lesson 2 Earth’s Ocean and The Water We Drink Chapter 1 The Earth’s Bodies of Water

The Oceans on Earth cover much of the planet The continents divide the ocean into 5 parts In order from largest to smallest the oceans are: Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic and Southern The Pacific Ocean covers more than 70 million square miles Earth’s Ocean page 29 Weathering - is the process of breaking up rocks into smaller pieces called sediment

The Pacific Ocean is nearly double the size of the Atlantic ocean and is the deepest ocean with an average depth of 12,900 ft. The land beneath the ocean can consist of mountains, plains, basins, valleys and volcanos Earth’s Ocean

The mid-ocean ridges make up the largest features on the ocean floor The ridges consist of a chain of mountains that runs about 37,000 miles through the Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic Oceans Most of the mountains are about 5,000 feet tall and rise above the surface of the ocean creating islands One such island is Iceland in the Atlantic Ocean Earth’s Ocean

Trench – the deepest ocean valley

The deepest trench ever explored is located in the western Pacific Ocean it is called The Mariana Trench, it sinks down almost 7 miles below the ocean’s surface Earth’s Ocean Imgarr

Ocean currents are constantly moving like giant rivers in the ocean water Ocean currents are set in motion by the wind They move in a clockwise pattern in the Northern Hemisphere and counter-clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere Earth’s Ocean Currents – giant streams of ocean water

Earth’s Ocean Ocean waves are caused by wind Ocean waves can be small ripples or giant waves of more than 100 feet caused by earthquakes and severe storms Tidal waves - an exceptionally large ocean wave, especially one caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption

Earth’s Ocean Tides are another way that oceans move The pull of the moon and sun causes ocean tides Everyday the ocean water rises and falls along the shorelines causing them to either get larger or smaller Between tides and waves, the shoreline can expand or lessen Tides – the regular, rhythmic, rise and fall of the ocean waters

Earth’s Ocean

How do ocean currents affect people? (pg.30)

More than 99% of the total water on Earth is unsafe for humans to drink Ocean water is too salty to drink Most (70%) of the earth’s freshwater is located in frozen glaciers and ice caps About 80% of the freshwater that humans use comes from lakes and rivers Some freshwater floats around as water vapor in the air Through the water cycle we can use the freshwater stored in the air The Water We Drink pg Water cycle – the continuous movement of water on, above, or below the surface of the Earth

The Water We Drink

Terms to Know Water cycle Tides Tidal waves Currents Trench How is the supply of freshwater continuously replaced? (pg. 31)