1 Managing Information Resources Manage: Data Information Knowledge

2 Managing Information Resources The Problem with Data: 1) Data in different data bases do not match 2) Data have different names 3) Data lack context 4) Data are erroneous 5) Data used by multiple applications but inconsistent

3 Managing Information Resources Data Administrator: 1) Adjust data definitions 2) Control data which are shared among applications 3) Maintain data quality 4) What is data quality? 5) What are the sources of data errors? 6) What are some typical error rates?

4 Managing Information Resources Data Dictionary 1) What is a data dictionary? What does it do? Data dictionary contains the definition of each piece of data.

5 Managing Information Resources Monsanto Example 1) Monsanto wanted to create thrust, honesty, openness, initiative It implemented SAP - which needs quality data 2) Data warehousing 3) Knowledge management 4) Data for DSS

6 Managing Information Resources Monsanto Example (cont’d) 1) Data Source - Transactions performed by SAP 2) Data Warehouse - Data from Internet & external sources Has Drill-down capability

7 Managing Information Resources Manage the Data 1) Applications use data sub-schemes 2) Logical data base description use schemes 3) Physical data base - has data pointers

8 Managing Information Resources Data Models 1) Hierarchical - parent/child 2) Network - multiple parent/child 3) Relational - Table Based 4) Object Orientation - Documents Video Voice

9 Managing Information Resources Distributed Databases: 1) Local autonomy 2) No central site 3) Installations independent 4) Users need not know data location 5) Data can be distributed across installations

10 Managing Information Resources (Cont’d) 6) Distributed transaction processing 7) Hardware Independent 8) Various data bases are structure independent

11 Managing Information Resources Management Concerns 1) Data descriptions can indicate its value 2) Data location - indicates where it may be found 3) Document descriptions 4) Manage groupware data to enhance its value

12 Managing Information Resources Data Use 1) Who has access to what data 2) Cultural change needed to have people use data: values attitude expectations

13 Managing Information Resources Information Types 1) Internal Data: Record versus Document Based 2) External Data Record versus Document Based

14 EDP Public Databases Word Processing Industry Internet Record Document

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16 Managing Information Resources How to Manage Knowledge 1) Formalize tactic knowledge 2) Knowledge arise when people interact as by using groupware 3) Need a culture to drive knowledge sharing