Upper Limb Regions Shoulder Arm & Forearm Hand

Shoulder region Bones Joints Muscles Vessels & Nerves

Shoulder Osteology Clavicle Scapula Humerus

Clavicle Sup. S shape Latin clavis = key, old Roman key was S-shaped

Clavicle Inf. Ligaments attachment Conoid: cone shape

Clavicle Ant. Medial & lateral ends

Anterior Posterior korax = a crow

Glene: Greek = socket acromion: Greek akros = Hill

Shoulder Separation

Ant.Lat.

Subacromial bursa Bursitis

Shoulder X-ray, AP projection 1, Clavicle. 2, Acromion. 3, Greater tubercle. 4, Lesser tubercle. 5, Neck of Humerus. 6, Humerus. 7, Coracoid Process. 8, Axillary border of scapula. 9, Rib.

Shoulder region Bones Joints Muscles Vessels & Nerves

Classifications of muscles that move the shoulder A. muscles connecting scapula to humerus B. muscles connecting trunk to scapula C. muscles connecting trunk to humerus

Short muscles

Coracobrachialis Function: flex & adduct the shoulder joint

Deltoid Origin: – Clavicle, scapula Insertion: – Deltoid tuberosity of humerus Actions: – Abduction – Anterior deltoid: internal rotation – Posterior deltoid: external rotation

B. muscles connecting trunk to scapula 1.Serratus anterior 2.Levator scapula 3.Rhomboid major 4.Rhomboid minor 5.Trapezius 6.Pectoralis minor

Serratus Anterior Origin: – Ribs Insertion: – Medial border of scapula Actions: – Protraction and rotation of scapula

Trapezius Origin: – Occipital bone of skull, cervical and thoracic vertebrae Insertion: – Clavicle and Scapula Actions: – Elevation – retraction

C. muscles connecting trunk to humerus Pectoralis major Latissimus dorsi

Pectoralis Major Origin: – Clavicle, sternum, upper ribs Insertion: – Crest of greater tubercle and lat lip Action: – Add, med rotation

Latissimus Dorsi Origin: – Vertebrae, sacrum, ilium Insertion: – Medial lip Actions: – Adduction and med rotation of humerus

Latissimus Dorsi if humerus is fixed