The Cuban Missile Crisis (during the Cold War). “Arms Race” & “Space Race”: Two VERY Important Cold War Issues  Who’s racing? The US & USSR were racing…

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Presentation transcript:

The Cuban Missile Crisis (during the Cold War)

“Arms Race” & “Space Race”: Two VERY Important Cold War Issues  Who’s racing? The US & USSR were racing… And this “ain’t no jog-a-thon!!!”

M.A.D. : An Important Concept  M.A.D. = “Mutually Assured Destruction” By 1960, both sides had ability to completely destroy the earth. Both the U.S. & U.S.S.R. assured of the possibility of completely annihilating each other if war ever broke out.

CMC Background: Cuba Che & Fidel  1959: Revolution led by Ernesto “Che” Guevara & Fidel Castro defeats pro-U.S. Cuban dictator.  : Castro seizes US companies & asks for USSR assistance in trade and in buying arms (weapons).

The Cuban Revolution The guns and hats of Cienfuegos and Che. Museo de Revolution, Havana, Cuba, 2011

The Moncado in Santiago, Cuba 2011

 1961: U.S. sponsored, CIA-led “Bay of Pigs” invasion by Cuban exiles fails to kill Castro. Humiliating for U.S. CMC Background: Cuba

***Extra Info: Ways the US tried to kill Castro***  Led by C.I.A. (Central Intelligence Agency) who often contacted the Mafia: 1) Pistols w/silencers 2) High-powered rifle w/ telescopic sights 3) Wanted someone to poison Castro’s cigars 4) Exploding cigar 5) Poison pills 6) Poison-tipped pen 7) Exploding seashell 8) Contaminated wetsuit

CMC Background  April 1962: Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev agreed to send missiles to Cuba, a country 90 miles from Florida.  Why? Protect Cuba from another invasion Balance U.S. missiles in Turkey Try to intimidate young, new U.S. President John F. Kennedy

CMC Background  Oct. 15, 1962: A U-2 (U.S. spy plane) takes photos of nuclear missile site in Cuba.

Cuban Missile Crisis: October 16-28, 1962  Oct JFK notified of photos  Oct US leaders debate options: 1) Unannounced first strike 2) Announced first strike 3) Blockade* (* = “final answer”)  Oct JFK tells US about missiles in Cuba & the plans to blockade.  Oct Agreement reached w/o Castro/Cuba; between US & USSR.

JFK & Khrushchev “sizing each other up”

Cuba Blockade Map

Cuban Missile Crisis: October 16-28, 1962  Agreement: Blockade of Cuba ended. USA promises to leave Cuba alone. US missiles were removed from Turkey (secret agreement).  Aftermath - Steps taken to prevent this from happening again: 1963: Telephone “hotline” between White House (US) & Kremlin (USSR) set up. 1963: Limited Test Ban Treaty signed to stop nuclear testing above ground. 1968: Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty signed w/ agreement that US & USSR would not supply nuclear technology to other countries.

Cuban Missile Crisis: 1962 a.k.a. “Thirteen Days” The closest the world has ever gotten to NUCLEAR WARFARE!

JFK & Khrushchev

Spelling Bee!!! -Spell “Khrushchev”