Bell Work Directions: During the first five minutes of class, answer the following questions in your notebook in complete sentence, QUIETLY. Be prepared to share your answers with the class. 1)Who founded Constantinople? Why? 2)We know the Western Roman Empire fell, but what do you think happened in the Eastern Roman Empire?

Objectives  I will be able to identify and describe elements of the Byzantine Empire

The Beginnings  Emperor Constantine I named the Greek city, ‘Byzantium’, the new Roman capitol in the east in 330 A.D.  Population predominantly spoke Greek and practiced Christianity  Location?

Byzantine Empire 476 A.D.

Politics and Government 4 main pillars: The noble families (emperors), the army, the Church, and the imperial bureaucracy 1) Byzantine Emperor = God’s representative on Earth  Came from noble families in the Empire 2) The Army = professional, standing army  Emperor needed army support for prestige and honor 3) The Greek Orthodox Church  Emperor was the Patriarch (head of both church and state) 4) The Imperial Bureaucracy  Imperial, provincial, and municipal

Trade International Trade  Europe, Russia, Africa, and China  SILK, Pottery, Marble, Metalworking (copper and brass)

Advancements  Continued  Greek and Roman traditions of defensive walls, aqueducts, and cisterns  Greco-Roman medicine  Advanced  Pipe organ adding bellows  Greco-Roman medicine  Silk Weaving  Beer Brewing  Water-driven mill, Horse shoes, Harness for work animals  Created  Mechanical animals for entertainment  Use of a quill pen and ink  Liquid fire/flamethrowers for military tactics  Specialized doctors

The Council of Chalcedon  Chalcedon, 451 A.D.  630 bishops present  Catholic Church divided into 5 patriarchates (each ruled by a Patriarch)  Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem  Redefined the nature of Jesus Christ  Has two “natures” – human and divine

Justinian I  Emperor from 527 – 565 A.D.  Goal = to reunite the East and West Roman Empire  General Belisarius – conquered North Africa, Southern Spain, and Italy  Hagia Sophia built  Established the Justinian Code (collected Roman laws)  The Institutes (Intro to law for law students)  The Digest (summary of common law for judges)  The Codex (codification of Roman law)  The Novels (Justinian's own laws)

Exit Ticket  Where would you have rather lived in the Middle Ages, Feudal Europe or the Byzantium Empire? Use specific answers to support your answer.

Homework  DBQ 2: The Fall of Rome DUE  Period 1 = Thursday, December 5  Periods 2,3 and 5= Friday, December 6