Page 39: Chapter 12 Notes- Politics in the 1920’s Warm up: Get out your notebook! As you watch the video clip, write down 5 words that describe the decade you saw in the video.

Continue on the 1920s Warmups page. Today's warmup - 12/3/12: Why do people go on strike? Do city workers have a responsibility not to go on strike? How can a strike be successful?

Politics of the Roaring Twenties Chapter 12

Postwar Trends Nativism: prejudice against foreign-born people Isolationism: pulling away from involvement in world affairs

Fear of Communism Communism: economic and political system based on a single-party government ruled by a dictatorship. –Government owns businesses; no private property Red Scare in U.S.: –Started with Russian revolution –Communist party formed in U.S. –Fear of the spread of Communism in the U.S. Red Scare terrorist bombing on Wall Street

The Palmer Raids U.S. Attorney General Mitchell Palmer and J. Edgar Hoover Hunted down any suspected: –Communists –Anarchists: people opposed to any government Failed –People didn’t believe it

Sacco and Vanzetti Victims of the nativist attitudes Accused of murder based on witnesses seeing “Italians” at the scene Evidence circumstantial and accused had alibis Verdict: both men sentenced to death by electric chair Protest rang out all over the country

In 1961, new tests proved that Sacco’s pistol was in fact the one used in the murder. However, no proof he pulled the trigger…

STOP! Nudge Your Neighbor Turn to the person sitting next to you (don’t leave anyone out!) Tell them the MOST IMPORTANT fact you’ve learned in the last ten minutes The your neighbor will tell YOU the most improtant fact from the last ten minutes!

Limited Immigration “Keep America for Americans” Nativism once again on the rise Quota System –Set maximum # of people to enter U.S. –Target was European

Eugenics Eugenics is the belief that the human gene pool can be improved by making specific decisions about who has children with whom (this is called “Selective Breeding”). Eugenics advocates wanted to better the human race, but their definition of “better” often involved racism and classism. On this map from 1921, the shaded states had programs to forcibly sterilize “undesirables.” Example of “Scientific Racism,” suggesting that undesirable white immigrants and Africans have similar genetic traits.

Ku Klux Klan The KKK saw big rise in membership during the 1920s The KKK was devoted to “100 % Americanism” The Klan also believed in: - keeping blacks “ in their place” -destroying saloons -opposing unions -driving Roman Catholics, Jews, & foreign-born out of the country By 1924 membership reached 4.5 million

U.S. Promotes World Peace 1921 Conference in Washington Nations agreed to reduce weapons Kellogg-Briand Pact: –In 1928, all the world powers signed it. – In doing so, each nation renounced war. ( It provided no means of enforcement)

Return to Normalcy After World War I, post-war economic problems, and the Red Scare, people in the United States wanted everything to just calm down and be alright. Warren G. Harding ran for President promising a “Return to Normalcy” and won by the biggest margin ever in 1920.

Teapot Dome President Harding's administration was marred by the Teapot Dome: –Harding's Secretary of the Interior took bribes from oil companies in exchange for giving them a sweet deal on oil drilling contracts. –It was the biggest presidential scandal up until Watergate in the 70s. Secretary Albert Fall was fined $100,000 and sentenced to one year in prison. Teapot Dome

The Real Harding… Disputed evidence that Harding was a member of the KKK. (He allowed them to have a rally at the White House) Took his mistresses to a 5x5 ft coat closet in the White House that he secretly had built. Gave one mistress a Cadillac and paid her $50,000 to avoid scandal. She received monthly payments as well. Had a child with another one of his mistresses who was 30 years younger than him Bet and lost the White House China in a poker game. During Prohibition, Harding kept the White House full of illegal liquor. “I am not fit for this office, and never should have been here” - Warren G. Harding

STOP! Gimme Five Stand up and make eye contact with ONE person across the room. DON’T stop looking at your partner. Walk towards your partner and hold up your hand. Tell your partner FIVE things you’ve learned today. Have your partner REPEAT those 5 things to you!

Silent Cal When Warren G. Harding suddenly died in 1923, his Vice President, Calvin Coolidge became President. Where Harding was corrupt and scandalous, Coolidge was boring. Dubbed “Silent Cal,” Coolidge believed the president should be “the most unimportant person in America.” Coolidge believed in little government intervention in the economy and was very pro-business.

A New Conflict Repaying war debts Fordney-McCumber Tariff –60% tax raise on imports –Europe can’t repay war debts Germany could not repay; devastated economy U.S. gave Germany a loan; everyone got paid back (with our own money) Countries resented it

Business of America Automobile Airplane Electricity –Invention of new electrical appliances Advertising –Luring customers Credit –Installment plan –“dollar down and a dollar forever”

Interactive Notebook Activity EconomicPg SocialPg GovernmentPg Technology/IndustryPg The Politics of the Roaring Twenties: Give 3 examples/facts about each subject during the Twenties.