Policy, normative base and experience of Kyoto Protocol implementation in Bulgaria and other Central European Countries Daniela Stoycheva Consultant emissions trading April 28-29, 2008, Moscow Moscow Carbon Market Forum 2008

What means implementation of the Kyoto Protocol ? To be in compliance Meet the KP target – domestic measure and mechanisms National system for estimation of GHG emissions and removals in place National registry in place Reporting and Review requirements => Eligibility for use of the KP mechanisms

Eligibility for KP mechanisms Review of Initial Report - to establish eligibility to participate in the mechanisms Automatic eligibility after 16 months of the initial report ( unless the Enforcement branch determines that some requirements are not met) Party must continue to meet requirements to maintain eligibility: Annual inventory and assigned amount reporting Inventory passed quality tests in the annual review Enforcement branch can suspend eligibility

Elements of the Initial Report Complete national inventory Calculation of assigned amount Calculation of commitment period reserve Identification of values for activities under Article 3.3 and 3.4 (LULUCF definitions) Election of activities under 3.4 and accounting period Description of the National System Description of the Registry

Eligibility requirements for JI a.Party to the Kyoto Protocol b.Assigned amount calculated c.National system in place for estimating emissions/removals d.National registry in place for tracking assigned amount e.Submission of most recent required emissions inventory f.Accurate accounting of assigned amount and submission of information Track 1 (full eligibility) a.Party to the Kyoto Protocol b.Assigned amount calculated d.National registry in place for tracking assigned amount Track 2

th Nat Communication Report to establish AAUs – Initial report Voluntary Annual Reporting under inventory 5th National Communication ‘True-up period’ Report Mandatory Annual Reporting under 7.1 Article 8 Review Process Compliance Committee 3.1 Compliance Assessment Timing of reports

Status of KP implementation in BG (1) “Good start – bad performance” UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol ratified AAUs calculated – Initial report submitted in July 2007; more than 50 % bellow the KP target Reporting to UNFCCC – with delays National system on GHG monitoring – implementing institutions (complete change) and legislation (not existing) Registry – Greta software, hosted in ExEA; not working

Status of KP implementation in BG (2) Domestic measures National Strategy on the Environment - not approved, outdated Second NAPCC continuation not envisaged EU CC related legislation transposed EU Emission Trading Scheme – not started Mechanisms Joint Implementation track 2 – from first place to “on hold”, small reserve in NAP; track 1 not considered International Emission Trading – GIS first study in the world; GIS- now frozen Capacity CC Departments in MoEW and ExEA – more but new staff, wrong directorate Interministerial commissions – on NAPCC, NAP, JI No CC NGOs, no institutes involved

Annex I Central Eastern Countries EU members Bulgaria Romania Hungary Czech Republic Poland Slovenia Slovakia Latvia Lithuania Estonia Non EU members Russia Ukraine Belarus

Annex I EU CEC Almost all below the KP target EU climate change related legislation in place National systems for monitoring in place Registries in place (except Bulgaria) Obliged to implement EU ETS; JI limited by EU ETS JI procedures in place (except Poland) Initiation of JI track 1 (Romania) In some GIS envisaged – Latvia, Hungary, Estonia, Slovakia, Romania, …. Eligibility in second half of 2008 Share EU post Kyoto target – burden sharing

Annex I - non EU All below the target All with approved JI procedures in place All with big JI potential Registries coming Reporting on track Institutions in place GIS in progress Need mere capacity building Belarus pending Annex B

Future activities of CECs To develop and defend positions for international (EU) negotiations; More policies and measures (mitigation and adaptation) must be developed and implemented (integrated) nationally, as deeper emissions cuts are needed - updating the National Strategies and Action Plans; More effective use of all KP mechanisms - adopting legislation for JI Track I; establishing GIS; identifying and approving new projects, etc.; To decide on banking; Increase the institutional capacity - more human capacity; more institutions involved with a better coordination amongst them; Improvements of the National systems and reporting (5NC, inv.); More financial recourses for CC activities must be envisaged.

Number of JI projects and kERUs - UNEP Risoe, April 1st 2008

ERUs until 2012 from JI projects - UNEP Risoe, April 1st 2008 While 23% of the 129 JI projects are renewables, they only take 5% of the ERUs. CH 4 reduction takes the majority (59%) of the ERUs

JI speeded up 14 new JI projects in March of the new projects from Russia, 1 from Ukraine, 1 from Bulgaria, and the first JI project from the Czech Republic 1 project determined by JISC, 1 rejected BUT what is the role of JI in post Kyoto regime?

Thank you for your attention !