Soil Profile Evaluations and Comparisons Location: Pike County, PA Completed By: Will Whitehead For: SWS 5716 Environmental Pedology

Geologic Map of PA Glacial Till and Outwash

Soil Probe Evaluations Locations. SP-1 along Delaware River SP-2 near Lake Wallenpaupack

24B Delaware fine sandy loam 3-8% slopes

SP-1 Surrounding Landscape Wooded area with minimal slope. Adjacent slope with railroad and road bed. “Foot slope” Stone Wall between pit and river. Floodplain between stone wall and river. “Stream Terrace”

Horizon: Oi Depth: <1 Boundary: A/S Texture: Fibric Color:10YR2/1 Structure: SL/SG Consistence: L Horizon: A Depth: 13 Boundary: C/S Texture: SIL Color:10YR4/1 Structure: MO/SBK Consistence: VFR Horizon: Bw Depth: 58 Boundary: C/S Texture: LS Color:7.5YR5/6 Structure: WK/SBK Consistence: VFR Horizon: Bt1 Depth: 84 Boundary: C/S Texture: SL Color:7.5YR5/4 Structure: MO/SBK Consistence: FR Bridging Horizon: Bt2 Depth: 152 Boundary: C/S Texture: SL Color:7.5YR4/4 Structure: MO/SBK Consistence: FR Bridging Horizon: Bg Depth: 183 Boundary: C/S Texture: LS Color:10YR6/2 Structure: WK/SBK Consistence: FR 25% 7.5YR4/4 S.H.W.T.

321C Lackawanna channery loam 8-15% slopes, extremely stony

SP-2 Surrounding Landscape Wooded hill top. “Upland” Pit spoils –channery to extremely stony No surface roots. Glacial Till.

Horizon: Oi Depth: 10 Boundary: A/S Texture: Fibric Color:10YR2/1 Structure: SL/SG Consistence: L Horizon: A Depth: 25 Boundary: C/S Texture: VCH/ST SIL Color:7.5YR 4/2 Structure: WK/SBK Consistence: VFR Horizon: Bt1 Depth: 46 Boundary: G/S Texture: CH SICL Color:10YR5/4 Structure: WK/SBK Consistence: FR Bridging Horizon: Bt2 Depth: 61 Boundary: C/S Texture: CH SICL Color:10YR5/3 Structure: MO/SBK Consistence: FR Bridging Horizon: C Depth: 76 Boundary: A/S ECH 10YR5/3 Weathered shale bedrock Horizon: R – 76 + Hard shale bedrock – backhoe refusal

Compare and Contrast

Conclusions SP-1 SP-2 Both soils show signs of illuviation and eluviation. SP-1 is a much younger soil composed of floodplain deposits (transported), while SP-2 is a much older soil formed from weathered bedrock on a ridge scraped clean by glaciers (formed in place). SP-2 shows well defined horizons while SP-1 has poorly defined horizons. A Oi