Introduction to Pressure, Pneumatics, and Hydraulics.

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Pressure, Pneumatics, and Hydraulics

Pressure the exertion of force upon a surface by an object, fluid, etc., in contact with it Physics. force per unit area. Symbol: P.

Pneumatics A branch of mechanics that deals with the mechanical properties of gases Definition from Dictionary.com

Hydraulics A branch of science that deals with practical applications (as the transmission of energy or the effects of flow) of liquid (as water) in motion

Definitions Cylinder – Device which uses pressurized air to move a piston linearly.

Solenoid Valves

Valve ClosedValve Open

Transmitting force An applied force F 1 can be “amplified”: Hydraulic press Examples: hydraulic brakes, forklifts, car lifts, etc.

9 Pascal's Principle PASCAL’S PRINCIPLE Any change in the pressure applied to a completely enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to all parts of the fluid and the enclosing walls.

10 Example 7. A Car Lift In a hydraulic car lift, the input piston has a radius of r1 = m and a negligible weight. The output plunger has a radius of r2 = m. The combined weight of the car and the plunger is F2 = N. The lift uses hydraulic oil that has a density of 8.00 × 10 2 kg/m 3. What input force F1 is needed to support the car and the output plunger when the bottom surfaces of the piston and plunger are at the same level? (a)