Intervention Resources Presented by: Lancaster School District Department of Curriculum, Instruction and Assessment

Definition of Intervention: An academic intervention is a strategy used to teach a new skill, build fluency in a skill, or encourage a child to apply an existing skill to new situations or settings.

Definition of Intervention (cont.): An intervention can be thought of as “a set of actions that, when taken, have demonstrated ability to change a fixed educational trajectory” (Methe & Riley-Tillman, 2008; p. 37).

Current Trajectory Intervention in place Norm for grade level Example RTIScore

How do I know which intervention to choose?

Critical Question Is the student not performing well in the identified academic area because of a performance deficit or a skill deficit?

Performance Deficit Simply put, a performance deficit implies that a student is capable of actually doing the academic task but is not engaging in the given task. If the student is struggling because of a performance deficit, a behavioral intervention is probably necessary.behavioral intervention

Skill Deficit In the case of a skill deficit, a student does not perform the desired task because he or she does not know how to do it. If the student is struggling because of a skill deficit, an academic intervention is probably necessary.

Academic Interventions

Instructional Hierarchy (Haring, et al, 1978) How does a teacher decide what type of academic intervention will work best with a student?

Instructional Hierarchy Acquisition Fluency Generalization Adaptation

Instructional Hierarchy Acquisition phase: period between first appearance of the desired behavior and the reasonably accurate performance of that behavior

Instructional Hierarchy (cont.) Fluency phase: period between first reasonably accurate performance of behavior and student’s ability to perform rapidly and with proficiency

Instructional Hierarchy (cont.) Generalization phase: recently acquired behavior is displayed (a) across multiple settings and/or (b) in the appropriate context in which the student is expected to demonstrate the behavior

Instructional Hierarchy (cont.) Adaptation phase: period between using the skill in many situations or settings and adapting the skill to fit novel task-demands or situations.

Now you try!

Program Specific Intervention (examples) iRead (grades K-2) System 44 (grades 3-8) Read 180 (grades 6-8) Imagine Learning (grades K-5)

Evidence-Based Evidence-Based Academic Interventions Intervention Central NON-Program Specific,

Click on Academic Intervention Planner. Planning Academic Interventions

Intervention Planning Steps Select academic area in which student is struggling. **(Note: The same process can be followed using the Behavior Intervention Planner also.)** Academic Intervention Planner Manual

Intervention Planning Steps (cont.) Use scroll bar to select intervention(s) that will best address student’s difficulties. Then click arrow to move it over to checklist.

Intervention Planning Steps (cont.) Clicking on the “Edit” button will give the teacher a view of the research that supports the intervention as well as a place for the teacher to write notes.

Intervention Planning Steps (cont.) Clicking on PDF or MS Word buttons will enable the teacher to print out suggested intervention(s) so that they can be brought to an SST meeting.

Mixture of Evidence-Based and non-evidence-Based (not labeled) Behavioral Interventions PBIS World.com

Clicking on one of the links to be led to interventions related to the behavior.

By clicking on “YES” you’re taken to a list of interventions that address the chosen behavior.

Each link under the Interventions heading will take you to the steps for implementing the intervention.

This button will take you to Tier 2 behavioral interventions. (These interventions will most likely require the support of your School Psychologist.)

Evidence-Based Behavioral Interventions Intervention Central

Click on Behavior Intervention Planner. Planning Behavioral Interventions

Intervention Planning Steps Select behavioral area in which student is struggling. Behavior Intervention Planner Manual

Intervention Planning Steps (cont.) Use scroll bar to select intervention(s) that will best address student’s difficulties. Then click arrow to move it over to checklist. **(Follow the same process as you did with academic interventions the rest of the way.)**

How do I determine the frequency of the intervention?

Is it a Tier 1 intervention?

Is it a Tier 1 intervention?

Is it a Tier 2 intervention?

Is it a Tier 2 intervention?

Is it a Tier 3 intervention?

Is it a Tier 3 intervention?

Where will the intervention be “delivered”/taught?

Who is responsible for providing and monitoring the intervention?

(Elementary School)

(Middle School) ELA and Math Core Teachers (Tier 1) ELA Support Teacher Math Support Teacher Read 180 Teacher

What tools do I use to monitor a student’s progress once the Student Study Team has decided on an intervention?

Tier 1 Progress is monitored through benchmark testing 3 times a year. Acceptable benchmark testing tools: –Basic Phonics Skills Test (BPST) –Dynamic Indicator of Basic Early Literacy (DIBEL’s) benchmarks –Scholastic Phonics Inventory –Scholastic Reading Inventory –STAR test (Accelerated Reader) –SBAC aligned Interdisciplinary Unit Performance Tasks –Embedded Assessments for Math –Easy CBM for Math

Tiers 2 & 3

Assessments for Program Specific Intervention (examples) iRead (grades K-2) System 44 (grades 3-8) Read 180 (grades 4-8) Imagine Learning (grades K-5) --All use computer adaptive assessments

Assessments for NON-Program Specific, Academic Interventions

Tracking Progress with CBMCBM Click on CBM link to access manuals.

Tracking Progress with CBM (cont.) Click link to access manual for using CBM to determine RTI. Click link to access manual for gaining an understanding of how CBM works.

Tracking Progress with CBM (cont.) Assessment Tools easyCBM easyCBM Individual teachers can log in and use this resource for free.

Tracking Progress with CBM (cont.) Assessment Tools easyCBM easyCBM The “Measures” link will take teachers to links to progress monitoring assessments in Reading and Math (K-8). Click here for manual.

Tracking Progress with CBM (cont.) Assessment Tools DIBELS Next DIBELS Next Tutorial on downloading DIBELS Next materials

Tracking Progress with CBM (cont.) Assessment Tools DIBELS Next DIBELS Next DATA can be put in OARS.

Low-tech Option (example) (example)

Now you try!

Time to Debrief Compare the intervention(s) for the case study you were given with its corresponding “Possible Plan.” –3 rd Grader3 rd Grader –4 th Grader4 th Grader –7 th Grader7 th Grader What are some similarities? What are some differences? What are some implications for Student Studies that you are currently working on?

Other Resources Florida Center for Reading Research What Works Clearinghouse Focus on Effectiveness (Research-Based Strategies) RTI Action Network All Kinds of Minds