ORAL PRESENTATION USAGE OF ENGLISH IN INDIA CHANDRA SEKAR ( )

HISTORY OF ENGLISH A West Germanic language (Britain) by Germanic settlers. A West Germanic language (Britain) by Germanic settlers. ANGLES- constructed from roots of Latin, as Latin- lingua franca. ANGLES- constructed from roots of Latin, as Latin- lingua franca.  Old-Germanic,  Middle- Norman,  Modern- European. Third most natively and officially spoken after mandarin. Third most natively and officially spoken after mandarin.

First global lingua franca and international language of comm., science and information technology professionals. First global lingua franca and international language of comm., science and information technology professionals. Native language – Western countries and British colonies. Native language – Western countries and British colonies. Native language of People, not the whole country. Native language of People, not the whole country. Growth used to reduce the linguistic diversity. Growth used to reduce the linguistic diversity.

FACTS AND FIGURES Derived from Latin, which is angles. English- British. Derived from Latin, which is angles. English- British. Most spoken and written language with 380 million presently. Most spoken and written language with 380 million presently. 400 million - mother tongue, 700 million - foreign language. 400 million - mother tongue, 700 million - foreign language. In 2,700 languages, English is richest in vocabulary. In 2,700 languages, English is richest in vocabulary.

The Oxford English Dictionary - 500,000 words. The Oxford English Dictionary - 500,000 words. Three-quarters - world's mail, telexes and cables are in English. Three-quarters - world's mail, telexes and cables are in English. More than half of the world's technical and scientific periodicals are in English. More than half of the world's technical and scientific periodicals are in English. English is the medium for 80% of the information stored in the world's computers English is the medium for 80% of the information stored in the world's computers

STATISTICAL SURVEY LANGUAGES IN WORLD LANGUAGE SPEAKERS IN WORLD.

INDIAN ENGLISH Introduced during British colonise.( by British Raj). Introduced during British colonise.( by British Raj). Based on 1991 survey Based on 1991 survey  90 million speakers,  Quarter million- 1 st language,  half a million Anglo- Indians. Some British accents and some other common accents are in usage. Some British accents and some other common accents are in usage. Perfect grammar and tense with fluent vocabulary Perfect grammar and tense with fluent vocabulary

More religions-Has many religion based languages. More religions-Has many religion based languages. Education is consistent in English- Speak, read and write perfectly. Education is consistent in English- Speak, read and write perfectly. Good knowledge of vowels and consonants. Good knowledge of vowels and consonants. Learn own vocabulary and style. Learn own vocabulary and style.

English Teaching levels Decided based on the ability to learn. 6 levels of teaching. Decided based on the ability to learn. 6 levels of teaching.  Cross – ability approach.  Groupings.  Like- ability.  Multi- level class.  Self accessing.  Small- group and  Whole group activity.

MEDIUM AND SYSTEM OF EDUCATION IN INDIA CLASS AGE LEVEL MEDIUM KINDER TO 5 th STANDARD LOWER PRIMARY & PRIMARY ENGLISH 6 th – 10 th SECONDARY ENGLISH 11 th – 12 th 15 – 17 HIGHER ENGLISH BACHELORS U. G ENGLISH MASTERS P. G ENGLISH

INDIAN ACCENTS Not better, but vary greatly. Either British or native tinted accents. Not better, but vary greatly. Either British or native tinted accents. Accents varies - use of vowels and spelling pronunciation. Accents varies - use of vowels and spelling pronunciation. Vowels peculiar – from Hindi. Vowels peculiar – from Hindi.  Diff in vowels sounds. ( Tax is “Tex” ).  Long vowel ends with r, use monophthongise. ( fear is “ fir ” ).  Lengthened and higher ( Pen is “ Paean ”).  Rounded and semi-rounded substitute. ( Not as “ Nat”, coffee as Kaaffi, copy as “ kaapy”).

Pronounce differs with most of consonants( other than vowels. Use Deep pronunciation Of Words. Pronounce differs with most of consonants( other than vowels. Use Deep pronunciation Of Words. For Instance: For Instance:  Use “d” instead of “t” in “-ed ”ending with past tense. ( “Developed ” is “Devlepd ” instead of Divlept ).  Use “s’ instead of “z” in “-s” ending with plural mean. ( “dogs” may be “dags” instead of “dagz” ). ( “dogs” may be “dags” instead of “dagz” ).  House – Haus or Hauz. North and south western parts of India is common.

GRAMMAR TEACHING and LEXICAL VARIATIONS Kindergarten & lower primary – alphabets –vowels and consonants and numbering system spelling (differs). Kindergarten & lower primary – alphabets –vowels and consonants and numbering system spelling (differs). Grammar taught by either cross- ability, like- ability and self accessing materials with poems. Grammar taught by either cross- ability, like- ability and self accessing materials with poems. Later stage they learn the noun numbers, tag questions, Word order. Later stage they learn the noun numbers, tag questions, Word order. Lexical variations – New vocabs substitute. Lexical variations – New vocabs substitute. Cousin brother, crore, lakh, eve-teasing, godown, Himalayan blunder, optical, scheduled caste. Cousin brother, crore, lakh, eve-teasing, godown, Himalayan blunder, optical, scheduled caste.

BENEFITS AND DRAWBACKS INDIAN ENGLISH USAGE BENEFITS INDIAN ENGLISH USAGE DRAWBACKS Industrial, scientific field- medium of instruction to succeed all over the world. Large population, no use of English in daily life, as lots of religion languages. People to move about, Countries. TOURISM. Common only in urban, so rural people difficult to learn. Students to get prestigious jobs, effective education, increases economy. It brings some socio- political conflicts.

CONCLUSION English occupies a special place in Indian law, education and administration. English occupies a special place in Indian law, education and administration. Widely believed in India, English proficiency for professionals. Widely believed in India, English proficiency for professionals. Merely solves social and economic conflicts. Merely solves social and economic conflicts. Rural must have some programmes to switch them from regional to English language medium. Rural must have some programmes to switch them from regional to English language medium. Indian education must enhance mushrooming English medium schools in order to make people meet their expectations and needs. Indian education must enhance mushrooming English medium schools in order to make people meet their expectations and needs.

NAMASTE NAMASTE