Your Body’s Defense

Physical Defenses First line of defense Skin Hair Mucous Cilia Saliva Tears Sweat Digestive tract

Skin Protects from micro-organisms entering the body Open cuts/ sores provide entrance Cells die and are shed

Sweat Our body has many sweat glands Sweat is released to control body temp Sweat contains acids that kill pathogens

Mucous Membranes Moist linings around all entrances to body Mucous = sticky substance Mucous traps pathogens

Saliva & Tears Contain enzymes that fight pathogens Tears wash away foreign substances

Cilia Tiny hair-like structures Trap pathogens Help remove mucous from body

Digestive Tract Moves pathogens out of body Acids/ chemicals in digestive tract Chemicals kill pathogens

Second Line of Defense Occurs after pathogen enters the body Inflammation

Inflammation 1st stage of healing Increased blood flow to area Increased size/ temperature/ redness Caused by dilation of blood vessels

Immune System Last line of defense Lymphatic system, lymph nodes, lymph, lymphocytes Lymph - fluid containing lymphocytes Lymphocytes - white blood cells

Immunity Active Immunity-body creates antibodies Through sickness of immunization Immunization/ vaccine – injected with small amount of pathogen Passive Immunity-passed from mother to child through birth or breast milk

Treatment Antibiotics – kill living organisms Treat bacterial infections only Fungus are treated with cream or topical treatment

Treatment of Virus Anti-viral can stop a virus from reproducing Most viruses are fought by our immune system with… Rest Proper diet Water