What is happening in this photograph? Why is it happening? Being arrested 1914

Know who the two main groups were that campaigned for female suffrage Understand the differences between the two groups Analyse the effectiveness of the two groups

Who were the Suffragists? The suffragists were a group of people who campaigned to win the vote for women. They did not demand the vote for all women, but wanted to get the vote on the same terms as men (at the time only men who owned their own house were able to vote). The suffragists were mainly middle-class women, but some men were also involved. One such man was John Stuart Mill, MP for Westminster, who first raised the issue of women’s suffrage in Parliament. In 1897, the NUWSS (National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies) was formed. This united all of the existing local campaign groups in one single, national organisation. By 1902, more working-class women were also joining the movement. Mrs Millicent Fawcett was president of the NUWSS. She believed in constitutional (peaceful, moderate, and law-abiding) tactics. By 1914 the NUWSS had over 53,000 members. Many Liberal MPs supported the movement, as did some members of the Conservative and Labour parties, however, the press reported little of their activities. Who were the Suffragettes? In 1903, a group of suffragists, frustrated by the lack of progress made by the NUWSS, broke away and formed their own organisation. This group was called the WSPU (Women’s Social and Political Union), and was led by Mrs Emmeline Pankhurst and her daughters, Cristabel and Sylvia. The WSPU campaigned for the vote for all women, and also wanted better working and living conditions. Members of the WSPU were determined to use direct and, if necessary, violent and illegal actions, to achieve their aims. Their motto was “DEEDS NOT WORDS”. Many suffragettes wore items or sashes containing the colours purple (symbolising dignity), white (symbolising purity), and green (symbolising hope), to show their support for the movement.

Distributed Leaflets Organised Processions Signed Petitions Invited politicians to attend debates Helped election candidates who supported their cause Produced posters Disrupted public meetings Heckled politicians Held public demonstrations Chained themselves to railings Fought police when arrested Damaged golf courses Broke windows Went on hunger strike when arrested Millicent Fawcett - NUWSS (National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies) Emmeline Pankhurst - WSPU (Women’s Social and Political Union) Use three colours to highlight the above tactics as follows: Those used by the Suffragettes Those used by the Suffragists Those used by both Wrote Letters to politicians and newspapers

Why is it happening? What is happening in this photograph?

What is happening in this picture? What does this picture tell us about how the public viewed Suffragists? What does this picture tell us about how the public viewed Suffragettes? What does this picture tell us about the relationship between Suffragettes and Suffragists?