United States Law Laws can govern how people act in certain environments. But how are laws made?

4 Main Types of United States Law Common law Statutory law Constitutional law Administrative law

Common Law Body of law based on judicial rulings made in cases. 1 st style of law developed –Judges heard arguments Made decisions based on facts.

How does common law work in America? Consider the following… Linda is a 7yr old black girl in Kansas. She has to walk 7 miles while passing 2 other all-white schools everyday. Dad sues the city complaining discrimination. –He wants his daughter to be able to go to the school closer to home. Should he win his case?

Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas Linda Brown’s dad wins! What does this mean? Judge rules that schools can not be segregated by color!

Statutory Law Laws passed by: –City councils –State legislatures –Congress Can be found written in a law book!

2 types of Statutory Laws Criminal law –2 main types Felonies –Serious crimes that are major offenses »Murder »Rape »Burglary/Theft »Drug trafficking Misdemeanors –Lesser crimes »Drunk in public »Resisting arrest Civil law –Involves disputes between 2 private parties for causing some harm. Most common –tort law –Contracts law –Plaintiff Person suing for damages –Defendant Person being sued

How do you win a civil case? The person suing must prove other party was acting negligently. –They fail to provide you with ‘duty of care’ Therefore, you got hurt! So, if they were negligent and you get injured, you can sue for lots of money! –Reasons to sue: Physical damage Mental/psychological damage Something you own was destroyed

Constitutional Law Any law written in the U.S. Constitution –Including the amendments! Has supreme standing over all other types of law!! –This is usually used as an argument by somebody in trouble! “Its against my Constitutional rights, man!”

Administrative Law Regulations made by executive departments and independent agencies. –Food and Drug Administration Must put labels on all foods people buy! –Environmental Protection Agency Must have cars e-checked!

International Laws refer to any laws that affect the U.S. and other nations. These laws might involve military agreements, diplomatic treaties, trade regulations and other international agreements (like fishing rights).