Recent Developments in Networking Networking Resources for Collaborative Research in the Southeast AAAS Research Competitiveness Program Douglas E. Van Houweling Networking Resources for Collaborative Research in the Southeast AAAS Research Competitiveness Program Douglas E. Van Houweling

Overview  History  Today’s Internet  Barriers to Progress  Advanced Internet Projects  Applications  Internet2 -- What Is It?  Network Requirements and Abilene  Global Issues  Trends  Comments & Questions  History  Today’s Internet  Barriers to Progress  Advanced Internet Projects  Applications  Internet2 -- What Is It?  Network Requirements and Abilene  Global Issues  Trends  Comments & Questions

History  ARPAnet origins  NSFnet Research and development cycle Privatization in 1995  Higher ed planning in 1995/1996 Are our research and education needs being met by today’s internet? If not, what should we do?

History, cont.  October 1996 I2 organizing meeting 34 institutions in attendance; all 34 signed up  Membership commitment $25,000/year in membership dues I2 connectivity and campus upgrades

History, cont.  University Corporation for Advanced Internet Development Established in October 1997 Parent organization for the Internet2 and Abilene Projects

Today’s Internet  Growing at % per month  Challenges to higher education The “world wide wait” Human interaction awkward Virtual meetings and seminars Shared authoring Browsing publications Distributed large scale computing and data base efforts not feasible

Today’s Internet  Inadequate for mission-critical applications Authentication “Best efforts” not good enough  Intranets and Extranets instead Match capacity and demand Provide a more secure environment Don’t reach the public at large, though!

Barriers to Progress  Providers swamped attempting to match capacity to demand  Advanced applications can’t be deployed  No large scale development environment available  Negative-sum competitive environment inhibits investment

Advanced Internet Projects  Next Generation Internet (NGI) Focused on: Federal mission agency needs Maintaining US Internet leadership  Internet2 Focused on: Higher education needs Moving the public Internet to the next level

Advanced Internet Projects  The whole is greater than the sum of the parts NGI provides partial financial support for university Internet2 projects Internet2 and NGI coordinate technology development and deployment Industry has strong incentive to implement resulting capabilities

Application Attributes  Large-scale, multi-site computation and database processing  Real-time access to remote scientific instruments  Interactive research collaboration and instruction  Shared virtual reality  Any combination of the above

3D Brain Mapping: “Watching the Brain in Action” University of Pittsburgh Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center

Chesapeake Bay Simulation Source: Old Dominion University and University of Illinois-Chicago

Remote Scanning Electron Microscope University of Michigan

Philips XL30

American Sign Language and English Captions Gallaudet University Georgetown University

Distributed Image SpreadSheet University of Missouri- Columbia

Upper Atmospheric Research Collaboratory University of Michigan

Teleimmersion University of Illinois-Chicago University of Illinois-NCSA Old Dominion University

The CAVE Source: University of Illinois-Chicago

Immersadesk Source: University of Illinois-Chicago

Virtual Temporal Bone Source: University of Illinois-Chicago

What it Takes  Engaging the applications developers  Building a network that delivers the end-to-end functionality required by the applications

Internet2: What Is It?  The University Corporation for Advanced Internet Development (UCAID) The Internet2 Project The Abilene Project Future Projects….

UCAID Mission  Provide leadership and direction for advanced networking development within the university community.

UCAID Organization & Budget  University CEO’s are voting representatives for regular members  Structured as an agile organization capable of responding to rapid change.  3 Councils with Board seats Applications Policy & Operations Network Research  Member dues provide income base  University CEO’s are voting representatives for regular members  Structured as an agile organization capable of responding to rapid change.  3 Councils with Board seats Applications Policy & Operations Network Research  Member dues provide income base

UCAID Board  Chair -- David Ward -- Chancellor, University of Wisconsin/Madison  Henry Bienen -- President, Northwestern University  William Bowen -- President, Mellon Foundation  Molly Corbett Broad -- President, University of North Carolina  Larry Faulkner -- President, University of Texas/Austin  Steven Sample -- President, University of Southern California  Graham Spanier -- President, Penn State University  Gary Augustson -- Chair, Network Planning and Policy Council  Tom DiFanti -- Chair, Applications Strategy Council  Larry Landweber -- Chair, Network Research Liaison Council  Doug Van Houweling -- President and CEO  Chair -- David Ward -- Chancellor, University of Wisconsin/Madison  Henry Bienen -- President, Northwestern University  William Bowen -- President, Mellon Foundation  Molly Corbett Broad -- President, University of North Carolina  Larry Faulkner -- President, University of Texas/Austin  Steven Sample -- President, University of Southern California  Graham Spanier -- President, Penn State University  Gary Augustson -- Chair, Network Planning and Policy Council  Tom DiFanti -- Chair, Applications Strategy Council  Larry Landweber -- Chair, Network Research Liaison Council  Doug Van Houweling -- President and CEO

Membership  Number 126 Regular, 20 Affiliate, 30 Corporate open application process ~$1m/year regular member commitment  Classes Regular, Affiliate, Corporate Regular members are only voting class of members  Number 126 Regular, 20 Affiliate, 30 Corporate open application process ~$1m/year regular member commitment  Classes Regular, Affiliate, Corporate Regular members are only voting class of members

Internet2 Member Universities 127 Members as of May 1998

Corporate Members/Partners* 3Com* Advanced Network & Services* Alcatel Apple Ameritech AT&T* Bay Networks* Bell Atlantic Bellcore Cabletron* Cisco Systems* Deutsche Telekom Digital Equipment Corporation FORE Systems* GTE Internetworking IBM* 3Com* Advanced Network & Services* Alcatel Apple Ameritech AT&T* Bay Networks* Bell Atlantic Bellcore Cabletron* Cisco Systems* Deutsche Telekom Digital Equipment Corporation FORE Systems* GTE Internetworking IBM* Lucent Technologies* MCI Communications* Newbridge Networks* Nokia Nortel* Novell Packet Engines Perot Systems Qwest Communications* SBC Technology Resources Siemens Sprint StarBurst Communications* Sun Microsystems Torrent Technologies William Communications Lucent Technologies* MCI Communications* Newbridge Networks* Nokia Nortel* Novell Packet Engines Perot Systems Qwest Communications* SBC Technology Resources Siemens Sprint StarBurst Communications* Sun Microsystems Torrent Technologies William Communications

Facilitate and coordinate the development, deployment, operation and technology transfer of advanced, network-based applications and network services to further U.S. leadership in research and higher education and accelerate the availability of new services and applications on the Internet. Internet2 Mission

Internet2 Goals  Enable new generation of applications  Re-create leading edge R&E network capability  Transfer capability to the global production Internet  Enable new generation of applications  Re-create leading edge R&E network capability  Transfer capability to the global production Internet

Applications Priorities  Focus on content Educational Research publications Mass media -> personalized media  Attack middleware challenge Seek 100% coverage of interoperable scalable middleware In collaboration with industry members

Applications and Engineering Applications Engineering Enables Motivate

Network Requirements  End-to-end performance guarantees Across multiple providers  Application-based performance  Authentication & security  New business models Performance related pricing  Single-Lane Road -> Multi-lane Superhighway Special-purpose lanes Access control Tolls where appropriate

Solutions  Quality of Service (QoS) Enable advanced applications without brute force Multi-cloud and multi-provider  Support for Internet-based broadcast Scalable  New middleware: Connect network to application Support application-based charging Authenticate users  Support for large delay - bandwidth products  Bigger pipes

Internet2 Values in the QoS area  Support applications  Ensure multi-cloud (multi-carrier) QoS  Ensure multi-vendor (open standards) QoS  Support applications  Ensure multi-cloud (multi-carrier) QoS  Ensure multi-vendor (open standards) QoS

Quality of Service Challenge AB Does the QoS approach support the applications? Are there implementations that work? Only one? If cloud ‘A’ and cloud ‘B’ both implement QoS, does the combined A+B catenation implement QoS? Does the QoS approach support the applications? Are there implementations that work? Only one? If cloud ‘A’ and cloud ‘B’ both implement QoS, does the combined A+B catenation implement QoS?

Internet2 Architecture Interconnects gigaPoP u u u u u u u u Interconnects: connects all the gigaPoPs to each other GigaPoPs: connect universities to the Interconnects and to other services Universities: upgrade their LANs to more than 500 Mb/s Interconnects: connects all the gigaPoPs to each other GigaPoPs: connect universities to the Interconnects and to other services Universities: upgrade their LANs to more than 500 Mb/s u u gigaPoP

Project Abilene

Announced 14 April

Abilene and Other Networks  A second Internet2 backbone -- the vBNS is the first.  Intention to establish peering links with other research networks Working with NSF on connection policies (grant allocation and conditions of use) Federal networks International links

Project Abilene Objectives  High availability backbone network for advanced research applications  Separate network to test advanced network capabilities  Separate network to do network research

Project Team  Overall direction by UCAID  Qwest Corporation  Nortel (Northern Telecom)  Cisco Systems  Open to other contributors  Collaborate with related efforts in network or applications research

Abilene Characteristics  2.4 gbps (OC48) among gigaPoPs, increasing to 9.6 gbps (OC192)  Most connections at 622 (OC12) or 155 mbps (OC3)  IP over Sonet technology  Access PoPs very close to almost all of the anticipated university GigaPoPs

Schedule  Spring ’98: Cost/enrollment discussions  Fall ’98: demos and pre-production  Initial group connected by Jan ’99  Others as mutually planned in ’99

Computer Science & Network Research Support  Provides foundation for supporting the continuous contribution of the higher education community to Internet development  May be able to share elements of the inter-gigapop infrastructure for network research activities  Provides foundation for supporting the continuous contribution of the higher education community to Internet development  May be able to share elements of the inter-gigapop infrastructure for network research activities

Global Issues  Focus on researcher partnerships working on advanced applications  Cooperate on QoS, etc. to maintain global interoperability  Use STARTAP (Science, Technology, and Research Transit Access Point) for connectivity  International Membership Policy MOU’s with organization comparable to UCAID Announcement at INET ‘98 Establishment of International Membership Committee

CANARIE Relationship  Canadian Network for the Advancement of Research, Industry and Education  Sponsors CA*net II  Memorandum of Understanding executed 10/8/97  STARTAP Connection Operational  Scholarly Collaboration Initiated Digital Music Teleimmersion

Trend -- Information -> Collaboration  Today’s Internet focuses on access to and delivery of information and entertainment  Tomorrow’s Internet will support human collaboration in an information and media rich environment  Dramatic implications for the cable industry

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