Slave States vs. Free States In 1819, the US had 22 states: 11 were slave states (states that did allow slavery) 11 were free states (states that did not.

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Presentation transcript:

Slave States vs. Free States In 1819, the US had 22 states: 11 were slave states (states that did allow slavery) 11 were free states (states that did not allow slavery) SENATE = Equal number of senators from slave states and from free states. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES = Free states had more representatives than the slave states.

The State of Missouri The slave state of Missouri applied for statehood. (Admitting Missouri would upset the balance between slave states and free states.)

Missouri Compromise  After a great deal of debate, Congress adopted the Missouri Compromise.  Missouri would join the Union as a slave state, and Maine joined as a free state.  Slavery would not be allowed north of the 36° 20´ line of latitude.  This compromise kept a balance of power between the free states and slave states in the Senate and provided a temporary solution to the slavery question.

Missouri Compromise, 1820

The Compromise of 1850 Afraid that this issue might disrupt the Union, Senator Henry Clay of Kentucky proposed a compromise bill.

Benefits of the Compromise North California came into the Union as a free state. Slave trading was ended in the District of Columbia. Texas gave up its idea of annexing New Mexico, thus taking that territory away from a slave state. South The territories of New Mexico and Utah would determine whether they wanted to be slave or free. The residents of the District of Columbia could keep the slaves they already had. Congress would pass a law (Fugitive Slave Act) stating that slaves who ran away to free states would be returned to their owners.

Kansas-Nebraska Act Created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska Contained a clause about Popular Sovereignty (when a territory asked for statehood, the people of a territory could vote on whether they wanted to be a free or slave state).

Northerners Were Angry! They felt that this law changed the Missouri Compromise, which did not permit slavery north of Missouri’s southern boundary. People began to move into Kansas to influence the vote.

Bleeding Kansas Proslavery “Border Ruffians” For slavery Took over polls, prevented free soilers from voting, and ensured the election of a proslavery legislature. Free Soilers Against slavery Wanted land to be given to western settlers for farming. There was so much violence in Kansas between the proslavery people and the free soilers that the territory was called “Bleeding Kansas.” More Than 200 Died...