Health, Safety and Environment

Historical Review RADIATION BASICS 101

The Story so far: In the beginning the Universe was created. This has made a lot of people very angry and been widely regarded as a bad move… -D. Adams -

W.C. Röntgen W.C. Röntgen x-rays x-rays NOBEL PRIZE l901 ‘man-made’ radiation

A.H. Becquerel 1896 “radioactivity” “radioactivity” Naturally occurring radiation

Marie Curie Pierre Curie NOBEL PRIZE l903

Albert Einstein 1905 Albert Einstein 1905 Theory of relativity E=mc 2 E=mc 2 NOBEL PRIZE l921

Ernest Rutherford Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1908 Rutherford model of atom: charged nucleus with orbiting electrons. *Introduced much of language describing concepts of the atom and radioactivity: alpha particle, beta particle, proton, neutron. *Elements became different elements through radioactive decay! Transmutation! Realm of alchemy!!

N. Bohr 1913 Planetary model of the atom NOBEL PRIZE l922

Pathological effects –A.H. Becquerel - dermatitis 1901 –Thomas Edison – documented eye irritation –C. Dally - death 1904 –Arthritis patient dies Ra-224 Quackery –radioactive health waters –criminal tendencies –blindness

Dose: 2mSv/h; inventor died of bladder cancer, age 61

Questions 1.Who discovered X-Rays? ________________ 2.Who was awarded the Nobel prize twice for their work on radioactive materials? _______________ 3.Which Canadian introduced much of the terminology used to describe radioactivity and atomic structure? _________________