Egyptian Civilization Section 2-4 pp
Preview Questions ► How did religious beliefs shape the lives of early Egyptians? ► How was Egyptian Society organized? ► What advances did Egyptians make in learning and the arts?
Egyptian Religion ► Egyptians were POLYTHEISTIC ► Legend of Osiris and Isis Osiris
Egyptian Religion ► Ancient Egyptian gods included Amen-Re: The King of the gods Ma’at: goddess of truth, justice, and harmony Nuit: goddess of the sky Seth: god of wind and storms Re
Egyptian Religion ► Ib (Heart) ► Sheut (Shadow) ► Ren (Name) ► Ba (Soul / Personality) ► Ka (Life Force)
Belief in the Afterlife ► Believed to face a test in the afterlife Worthy souls entered “Happy Field of Food” Sinners faced the “Eater of the Dead” ► Book of the Dead Learn spells to be used in afterlife
Mummification
Mummification ► Purpose: To give a soul use of its body in the afterlife (Ka) ► Used first for rulers and nobles
The Mummification Process ► “The Deluxe” Preparation ► Brain extracted through nose ► Internal organs removed ► Body dried out with salts ► Treated with oil and resin Beautification ► Hairdressers called in ► Wrapped in linen
The Mummification Process ► “The Deluxe” Final Send Off ► Covered with amulets ► 'You will live again for ever. Behold, you are young again for ever‘ ► Goods needed for the afterlife were placed in tomb
King Tut’s Tomb
► Tomb contained 413 Ushabti figures, intended to represent the king
King Tut’s Tomb ► Made of solid gold ► Portrait of the young king ► Two protective animals, the cobra and vulture, are shown on the forehead
Egyptian Society ► Priests served pharaohs ► Most men were farmers or slaves ► Merchant class was important b/c of trade ► Women had many political and personal rights
Egyptian Learning ► Written Records: Hieroglyphics Ideograms Papyrus ► Rosetta Stone Helped scholars decipher hieroglyphics
Egyptian Learning ► Medicine and Science Surgery Astronomers developed calendar Geometry
Review Questions ► How did religious beliefs shape the lives of early Egyptians? ► How was Egyptian Society organized? ► What advances did Egyptians make in learning and the arts?
The Mummy Maker Game ► Mummy Maker Mummy Maker Mummy Maker