Harcourt Journeys: Grammar Skills Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Unit 1: Lesson 5 Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
This week’s skills: Part 1: Nouns: Common & ProperNouns: Common & Proper Part 2: Nouns: Singular & PluralNouns: Singular & Plural Part 3: Nouns: Irregular PluralsNouns: Irregular Plurals Part 4: QuotationsQuotations Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Part 1: Common & Proper Nouns Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Nouns are naming words. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Nouns name people, places, things, and ideas. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Common Nouns Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Common nouns name any person, place, or thing. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Common nouns are not capitalized. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Common nouns name ordinary things. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
EXAMPLES Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
teacher Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
policeman Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
school Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
principal Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
newspaper Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
friend Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
town Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Can you think of some common nouns? h Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Proper Nouns Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Proper nouns name specific persons, places, or things. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Proper nouns are capitalized. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
EXAMPLES Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Mrs. Cannon Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Officer Morgan Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Charles F. Tigard Elementary Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Mr. Bechtold Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Tigard Times Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Jimmy Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Tigard Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Proper nouns also include days of the week, months of the year, and holidays. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Can you think of some proper nouns? h Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Let’s Practice! Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Directions: Circle the nouns. Then tell whether each is common or proper. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
The girl saw monkeys at the Pittsburg Zoo. (2 common nouns; 1 proper noun) Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Sam and Max are best friends. (1 common noun; 2 proper nouns) Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Toby got a bad haircut. (1 common noun; 1 proper noun) Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Kermit took a long nap on Tuesday. (1 common noun; 2 proper nouns) Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Dillon got a bath on Friday. (1 common noun; 2 proper nouns) Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Betty and Ben were fitted for shoes on Main Street. (1 common noun; 3 proper nouns) Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Poogie was a spider for Halloween. (1 common noun; 2 proper nouns) Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Gus dresses up every December! (2 proper nouns) Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Thanksgiving is a time to celebrate! (1 common noun; 1 proper noun) Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Joey told his mom a secret! (2 common nouns; 1 proper noun) Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Part 2: Singular and Plural Nouns Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Singular Noun Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
A singular noun names one person, place, or thing. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Plural Noun Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
A plural noun names more than one person, place, or thing. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Plural Noun Rules Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
There are five rules to help us make nouns plural. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #1 Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #1: Most nouns show more than one by adding the letter s to the word. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
EXAMPLES Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
pet s Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
chip s Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #2 Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #2: If a noun ends in s, x, z, sh, or ch, add -es to make it more than one. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
EXAMPLES Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
bus es Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
box es Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
buzz es Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
bush es Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
church es Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #3 Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #3: If a noun ends in y and it comes after a consonant, change the y to i and add -es. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
EXAMPLES Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
pupp iesy Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
cit ies y Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
famil iesy Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #4 Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #4: If a noun ends in y and it comes after a vowel, just add s. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
EXAMPLES Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e boy s Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e day s Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e monkey s Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #5 Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #5: If a noun ends in f, change the f to v and add -es. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
EXAMPLES Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
wol vesf Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
shel vesf Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
sel vesf Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Part 3: Irregular Plurals Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Singular Noun Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
A singular noun names one person, place, or thing. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Plural Noun Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
A plural noun names more than one person, place, or thing. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Plural Noun Rules Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
There are five rules to help us make nouns plural. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #1 Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #1: Most nouns show more than one by adding the letter s to the word. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
EXAMPLE Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
pet s Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #2 Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #2: If a noun ends in s, x, z, sh, or ch, add -es to make it more than one. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
EXAMPLES Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
bus es Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
box es Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
buzz es Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
bush es Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
church es Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #3 Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #3: If a noun ends in y and it comes after a consonant, change the y to i and add -es. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
EXAMPLE Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
pupp iesy Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #4 Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #4: If a noun ends in y and it comes after a vowel, just add s. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
EXAMPLE Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e boy s Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #5 Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Rule #5: If a noun ends in f, change the f to v and add -es. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
EXAMPLE Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
shel vesf Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Irregular Plural Nouns Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Irregular plurals do not follow the rules. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Many irregular plurals make new words. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
EXAMPLES Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e ox oxen Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e buffalo bison Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e foot feet Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e tooth teeth Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e goose geese Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e mouse mice Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e louse lice Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e cactus cacti Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e man men Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e woman women Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e child children Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e person people Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Some irregular plurals stay the same in the plural form. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
EXAMPLES Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e sheep Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e fish Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e moose Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e deer Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
e elk Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Part 4: Quotations Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Quotation marks are used to show dialogue or character’s speech in writing. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
You will most often see quotation marks in novels, newspapers, and magazines. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
To know where to place quotation marks, we look for the speech tags. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
We usually place quotations before or after the words said, replied, answered, cried, stated…. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
EXAMPLES Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
John said,“That was the best game I’ve ever seen!” Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
“The answer is six,” replied Jeanna. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
“The capital city of Pennsylvania is Harrisburg,” answered Jim. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
“Help, my cat’s stuck in the tree,” cried Tina. Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
Mr. Morris stated,“The recycling center is bringing the community together.” Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott
How did you do? Copyright © 2011 Kelly Mott