Bellringer SOL CHALLENGE 4!!! Label a piece of paper “Bellringer 2/15/11” Answer the following questions. What is imperialism? What are the three types of Imperialism? – Explain each one. BJOTD: Where do ghosts live?

Imperialism Today: Africa and the Middle East Page 85 in your notebook!

Imperialism What is it? – The takeover of one country by stronger country with the intention of dominating all aspects of life, including social, political, and economic. In other words: a stronger country taking over a weaker one for its own gain.

Types of Imperialism Colonies – Country governed internally by a foreign power Protectorates – Country with its own internal government but falls under the control of a foreign power Spheres of Influence – An area in which a foreign power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges

Background

Africa before Imperialism LOTS of Different Ethnicities LOTS of local religions Many Empires, but small nations

How was Europe able to Enforce Imperialism in Africa? (External Factors) Technology – Maxim Gun – Steam Engine – Railroads and Cables Medical Advancements – Quinine (cured Malaria)

Internal Factors

Africa under Imperialistic Rule Berlin Conference – Any European nation could claim land in Africa just by notifying other countries and showing they could control the land

Resistance to Imperialism Boer War – Happened in South Africa— originally settled by the Dutch (Boers) – Diamonds and Gold were discovered, and the British wanted some – Boers fight guerilla war with the British and lose – Afrikaners (Descendants of the Dutch settlers) remained without rights

Effects of Colonial Rule Reduced warfare, improved hospitals and schools, brought new technology to Africa (Railroads, telephones), lost control of the land, new diseases were brought to Africa, famines, traditional cultures destroyed

Decline of the Ottoman Empire

Why? Weak leaders Nationalistic Feelings Europeans wanted the land for its location Military Weakness

Egypt Muhammad Ali – Bring Money to Egypt by growing food! Ali’s grandson supported the building of the Suez Canal to help with trade

Suez Canal Manmade canal that connected the Red Sea with the Mediterranean HUGE party once it was built Saved 2 weeks of travel time between Europe and Asia VERY EXPENSIVE—Britain had to help Egypt out with their 450 million dollar debt 1882: Britain controlled Egypt

India

Britain’s goals: – Make money – Improve India (make it more profitable, fix the infrastructure) – Westernize India

The Sepoy Rebellion

Results of the Sepoy Rebellion Led to Britain cracking down harder on India (more taxes, rules, and hatred) Also led to the rise of nationalism – Creation of the first Indian Nationalist political party in the mid-1800s

China

Opium War Opium War: Fought between China and Great Britain – China lost, and had to give up Hong Kong

Problem Time in China

Europe Steps In Europe took advantage of a weak China and attacked at every opportunity The treaties following each fight gave the European nations powers in China Sphere of Influence: a region in which a foreign nation controls trade and investment

Boxer Rebellion Chinese are upset with the foreign interference Peasants and Workers=Boxers 1900: Boxers rebelled, marching on the capital screaming “Death to foreign devils” Soldiers from 8 other countries banded together to defeat the Boxers

1600s-early 1800s: the Japanese remained isolationist and enjoyed peace and prosperity Early 1800s: Europeans tried to convince Japanese to open up to trade

Treaty of Kanagawa Signed in 1854, this treaty opened up two Japanese ports to the United States The U.S. brings Western Ideas to Japan – Strong central government – Strong navy – schools

Japan becomes an Imperialistic Power Using the western ideas, Japan makes itself a strong nation Takes over: – Korea – Taiwan – Manchuria

Bumper Stickers Working with one partner, the pair will develop a bumper sticker that displays the ideas of Imperialism in Asia OR Africa from the point of view of the colony OR the Imperialistic power. You should include a slogan/motto, and any illustrations you feel appropriate. You will also write a paragraph on the back of the bumpersticker explaining your slogan/images.