HIGH RADIATION TO MATERIALS Ans Pardons for the HiRadMat project team IEFC Workshop, March 22, 2011 Outline  The HiRadMat facility – Why, What, When, Where  Status  WANF (*) dismantling  Primary beam line installation  Planning: Installation & Commissioning in 2011  Irradiation Area Layout & Operation  Summary EDMS No: Thanks to: I. Efthymiopoulos, S. Evrard, M. Meddahi, C. Hessler, C.Theis, N. Conan, Y. Algoet, Ph. Trilhe, C. Magnier, M. Lazzaroni, O. Choisnet, D. Grenier, J.-L. Grenard, N. Charitonidis part of the EUCARD FP7 program (*) West Area Neutrino Facility

The HiRadMat Facility IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, Why, What & When  Luminosity increases in particle accelerators  materials of near-beam equipment must be able to withstand the higher beam intensity  Need for a facility to test materials in an intense pulsed beam to investigate damage effects from heat & radiation with increasing intensity.  analyze the threshold of destructive effects to find material limitations  HiRadMat = Facility to study the impact of intense pulsed beams on materials  Thermal management (heating) & thermal shock (pressure waves)  Radiation damage to materials - change of mechanical properties  Beam extracted from SPS (450GeV/c): provides protons per bunch, 288 bunches per pulse, 30 pulses per user  protons per user, ~2.4MJ/pulse  Beam size mm (1σ) at impact.  Aim for 2011: 3 users - LHC phase 2 collimator (jaw materials), tungsten powder (as high-power target for future neutrino beams), beam windows.  Interest expressed for > 2011: protection devices, machine components, material studies, irradiation tests of electronics. Why What When Ans Pardons

The HiRadMat Facility 3 Where SPS TI 2 TT60 Beam End of common part with TI 2 transfer line 50 m Beam TT66 new line Access to HiRadMat intrinsically linked to LHC (injection) TI2  LHC HiRadMat test objects TT61 (to former West Area) TNC (former WANF target hall) IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, 2011 Ans Pardons

The HiRadMat Facility IEFC Workshop Mar. 22,  T1 - former West Area primary target & shielding & MTR magnets: dismount  TNC - former neutrino target hall with secondary beam elements: replace services, dismount beam elements & complete HRM beam dump Where & Location of main dismantling activities BA7 TCC6 B.846 TNC WANF target chamber With secondary beamline  T9: former neutrino beam target: dismount target & collimators and install HRM beam dump in and behind former T9 shielding castle T1 TI2 Former beamline targets  radiation T9 HiRadMat User Experimental Area TJ7 Ans Pardons HiRadMat User Experimental Area TJ7 TNC

Status – WANF dismantling 5 General dismantling IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, 2011 Hot objects & high remnant radiation dose  Remote handling tools  Cameras on renovated crane and in TNC  Automatic hook for standard blocks  Shielded fork lift  Several custom-made hooks & lifting beams  Shielding during intervention & transport Ans Pardons

Status - WANF dismantling 6  Horn and support manually dismounted from TNC and sent to waste storage in ISR (*)  Collimator and support 80% remotely dismounted and sent to waste storage in ISR Example 1: WANF Horn & collimator removal IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, 2011 Ans Pardons (*) Intersecting Storage Rings

Status - WANF dismantling 7 Example 2: T9 dismantling (transformation) IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, 2011  T9 target station (installed 1993, 5 years of beam)  T9: transformation to HiRadMat beam dump: 1. Remove target, all collimators & monitor 2. Replace upstream collimator with new collimator 3. Replace other items with TED (*) -type beam dump 4. Close shielding and complete HRM beam dump Steel upstream collimator ν-production target Copper downstream collimator blocks Downstream monitor Ans Pardons (*) Target External Dump

8  Dose rate near target and upstream collimator  Items designed in 1993 for remote removal!  Remote removal, transport to ISR in shielded containers or on shielded trailers Target & upstream collimator Status - WANF dismantling Dose rate (mSv/h) measured at contact with target container and cradles ( ) Upstream collimator ν-production target Downstream collimator IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, 2011 Ans Pardons

9  Dose rate in & near copper collimator blocks Reminder: forbidden area if dose rate > 100mSv/h  The collimator blocks’ geometry brings several challenges  Each block (2.7t) has hot outer surface  Axis of 2 blocks is outside range of overhead crane  Items not designed for remote handling!!! 4 threaded holes per block 1993: installed manually with forklift, lifting rings and straps Downstream collimator blocks dismantling: Challenges Status - WANF dismantling 5cm cm Dose rate (mSv/h) measured inside and near the collimator ( ) IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, 2011Ans Pardons

10 ALARA Level 3 committee Status - WANF dismantling Following > 100mSv/h dose rate measurement, the case of T9 dismantling was presented to the ALARA L3 committee Results & consequences:  Review took place of detailed dismantling procedure by CERN safety specialists from outside the project (M. Tavlet & P. Bonnal)  Detailed risk analysis established  Decision taken to NOT remove the copper blocks out of TNC (yet)  Blocks with handling plates will be placed in custom-build containers in a 40cm thick iron sarcophagus downstream TNC  The evacuation of the blocks from TNC will be carefully planned by EN/MEF & DGS/RP and executed in the “near” future (e.g. shut-down 2013)  Green light from reviewers and hierarchy obtained to start T9 dismantling on 2/2. Dismantling work took ~10 days, collective dose of ~1.2mSv IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, 2011Ans Pardons

11 Downstream collimator blocks dismantling: Solutions Status –WANF dismantling  Lifting & shielding plates fixed manually on copper blocks  Custom-made lifting beam takes 2 blocks at the time  Shielding in place for all manual interventions  Extensive tests on mock-up Optimise tools Define camera positions for handling Training interveners Minimise risk & dose personnel IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, 2011Ans Pardons

12 T9 downstream collimator dismantling in pictures Status –WANF dismantling Lifting test before closing roof Placing block in container Separating blocks 2  1 Fixing plates on lower blocks Moving upper blocks with fixed lifting plates Blocks in temporary storage location Sarcophagus with containers ready IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, 2011 Ans Pardons

Status - WANF Dismantling S. Evrard - IEFC Feb.11,2011 Waste management 13 Radioactive waste is treated in several steps: 1.Rough cleaning in WANF (specialized company ENDEL Nucléaire) 2.Removal from WANF  TT61  TT4 3.In TT4: thorough decontamination and disassembling 4.Volume reduction in RP waste workshop in building Convenient conditioning for long term storage 6.Long term storage in ISR Volume reduction x 10 Contaminated objects: Adapted closed containers Long term storage ISR WANF TT4 ISR 573 BA7 Disposal path

Status - Primary beamline installation IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, Installation progress of TT66 beamline EquipmentStatusComments Magnets25/25 installed Vacuum system88% installed77% leak tested Electrical feeds95% Cooling connections85% Power converters7/13 installedLast one: End of March Beam instrumentation & Control15/17 installed BPKG, 1 BTV to install weeks 13/19 Machine interlocksalmost ready Link to power converters not yet commissioned Survey90% Remaining work during week 13 or short accesses Summary table status mid March 2011 (upstream line TT60/TI2 is 100% installed) Ans Pardons

Planning 2011 IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, Installation & commissioning Shutdown works: dismount air ducts, dismount horn, collimators & T9 target, install beamline magnets, install general services,...) Short accesses (linked to LHC injection activity): install doors, beam instr., vacuum, align beam elements,... T9 transformed (no TED) Beam line installed & elements connected (incl. beam instrumentation) TED dump core and downstream muon dumps installed Ventilation operational (challenge!) Beam line under beam vacuum Exp area in TNC installed & operational (cabling, services,...) Surface preparation lab & control room ready

Ans Pardons Planning 2011 IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, Installation & commissioning Installation & handling equipment & procedures ready, tested & approved Downstream cool-down area ready ParameterValue Experiments in 2011~3 Maximum intensity per experiment1×10 15 protons <30 full intensity pulses Waiting time after experiment for de- installation ≥ 2 weeks Access during experiment (except urgent interventions) no Control of experiment and data takingremote Maximum intensity per year<<1×10 16 protons

Commissioning plans IEFC Workshop Mar. 22,  Hardware commissioning on-going: powering tests, etc.  Dry runs to check the overall beam equipment functionality without beam (week 14): Control applications, interlock, magnets/power converters, beam instrumentation.  Commissioning of the facility with beam (weeks 20 and 21):  Tests with probe beams: Aperture checks, beam parameter checks, steering, beam size / focal point position adjustment, position / intensity stability, BI (calibration, etc.), controls, logging, interlocking tests, etc.  Some high intensity shots to check the consistency with the nominal beam intensity. Ans Pardons

Readiness 2011 IEFC Workshop Mar. 22,  Dismantling 99% finished  Beamline 90% installed, remaining part planned for week 13  Beam dump will be completed in week 19  Ventilation system will be ready for first user. Installation before week 20 unsure. Discussion on-going to allow limited amount of test pulses/protons without ventilation.  Experimental area test tables designed & tested, production under way, will be ready for first user  Cabling for test tables remains to be done during the next technical stops (weeks 13, 19&25). Installation sequence will be done such that the needs for 2011 will be met before installation first user. Remaining work Ans Pardons

Irradiation area layout IEFC Workshop Mar. 22,  3 possible focal points for beam  3 positions for test stand  Geometry & services available to users on test stand:  Volume ~1.5x0.7x0.7 m³, weight up to 4 tons  Cooling circuit, electricity, neutral gas available  Signal connectors (e.g. for camera, motorization, beam instrumentation, vibration measurement, … )  ~25m upstream: Patch panel to test signals/services before beam  ~100m downstream: cool-down storage area for test objects Layout & concept Radiation Measurement Beam Loss Monitors Beam Focal Points: Ans Pardons

Irradiation area layout IEFC Workshop Mar. 22,  Test stand : base table in TNC and mobile table with test object (remote handling) comes from surface  Interface between tables : remote / automatic plug-in connectors (water, power, signal)  Check user system (motors, camera, laser,...) before beam in TJ7, during beam only from surface control room Design Large object, e.g. LHC Collimator Small object, e.g. material sample Ans Pardons

Operation IEFC Workshop Mar. 22,  Guidelines  (up to) 10 users/year, (up to) protons/user  This quota includes several pilot pulses during setup  Pilot pulses can be done in an almost transparent way to present operations  High-intensity pulses will be done in dedicated HiRadMat cycles  impact on other SPS physics users  User selection panel will: (panel with experts from: radiation protection, safety, beam, physics goals, engineering, PS&SPS operation as well as external experts)  Review the beam requests, establish criteria for acceptance/rejection (e.g. scientific value, beam feasibility, safety concerns, impact to the facility,…)  Establish priority list of experiments with respect to the available beam time  Distribute beam time and schedule experiments Ans Pardons

Operation 22 Operating procedure: first ideas A HiRadMat “brochure” will show what HiRadMat offers in services, signal, alignment, control room, observation equipment, beam type,...  Approval of user’s proposal by user selection panel  Preparation of interface parts (windows, containers, observation equipment, motorised tables etc.) in collaboration with area engineers & designers  Arrival at CERN of users ~2 weeks before beam: mounting test object on mobile table, alignment and test connectors in surface lab and control room  During the week before beam (LHC technical stop): remote installation, remote test of signals, motorization, observation equipment, etc.  Beam start. Observation and data taking from control room on surface.  After beam tests: remote moving of mobile test table to cool-down area  Later, possibly only during end-of-year shut-down: bringing test object back to surface (RP lab) IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, 2011Ans Pardons A detailed and official “operating procedure” document will be written & released by the project team in due time

Operation IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, Activation dose rate after 1 user test – Fluka calculation results After 1 hour: <50000µSv/h (*) avg. at 40cm, detailed results available After 1 week: <5000µSv/h (*) avg. at 40cm, detailed results available µSv/h15E350E3  Assumption:  Short SPS cycle, 1.98E12 p/s for 504 s (1e15 protons)  The beam hits the carbon jaw of a typical collimator  Activation dose near (*) test object after 1 hour/1 week cool-down Beam dumpTest object  To TJ7 Ans Pardons

Operation IEFC Workshop Mar. 22,  Assumption: protons over 1 year on a 15cm long copper test object, followed by removal of test object  Background dose rate in TNC after 1 day / 1 month Background dose rate after a full year of operation – test object removed After 1 day: <100µSv/h After 1 month: <25µSv/h µSv/h  During annual shut-down: possible to intervene near test stands for repair or upgrade Ans Pardons

Summary IEFC Workshop Mar. 22,  Work done in 2010 and early 2011:  WANF dismounted  Primary beamline installed  Readiness for 2011:  Remaining works for week 13 & 19 well defined, prepared & planned  Ready for dry run week 14, commissioning week 20  Ready for scheduled users from week 26 on  Planning for 2011: aim for 3 users w26, w32, w39  “Operating procedure” document under way Ans Pardons

HiRadMat knocking at the door IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, Thank you for listening – Any questions? Ans Pardons

Extra: Introduction IEFC Workshop Mar. 22,  ProtonsHeavy ions Beam parameters Beam extracted from SPS (450GeV/c): provides protons per bunch, 300 bunches per pulse, 100 pulses per user and beam spot 0.5-2mm² at impact.

Extra: Dismantling - transformation IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, TED Geometry & materials

Extra: Dismantling IEFC Workshop Mar. 22,  Design new equipment with remote handling & waste disposal in mind  Collaboration with RP during design  Write future dismantling procedures now  Update technical drawings “as-built”  Largest dismantling dose from cables, cleaning, etc.  Use specialised company & invest in tools  Install new cables, trays, lights etc. with dismantling in mind lessons learnt from dismantling

Extra: Dismantling IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, Lesson learnt: also install services with easy future dismantling in mind! (largest doses are not taken on the most complex/radioactive objects) origin of dose during dismantling WANF Add dismantling T9 in Jan. 2011: ~1200 µSv)

31 T1 removal September 2009 January 2011 February 2011 IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, 2011 Example: Dismantling T1 target station & MTR magnets31 Extra: Dismantling

Extra: Irradiation area IEFC Workshop Mar. 22,  Repeatability test of alignment & automatic connectors successful  design approved  In 2011: Need 1 base table and 3 mobile tables  Installation base table planned week 19, mobile tables under construction, ready for first user Prototypes & Tests Signals connector Base table with alignment plug-ins Alignment plug-ins Water connector Ans Pardons

Extra: Operation IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, Activation dose rate after 1 user test

Ans Pardons Extra: Operation IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, Users ParameterValue Experiments in 2011~3 Maximum intensity per experiment1×10 15 protons <30 full intensity pulses Waiting time after experiment for de- installation ≥ 2 weeks Access during experiment (except urgent interventions) no Control of experiment and data takingremote Maximum intensity per year<<1×10 16 protons Warning! Non-contractual test object images. Pictures may differ from actual product (a lot). First: short cool-down period before dismounting Then: taken out to surface or moved to underground downstream cool-down area

Extra: Operation 35 Measures because of radiation dose rates  Alignment at surface on pre-aligned base table  Remote handling of test stand, crane operator in TJ7  Access to TJ7 before beam, rack for tests of signals, services, motorisation, observation equipment  No access to TNC (exception only with RP approval)  Cool-down area for equipment downstream TNC  Re-use of mobile tables only if negligible dose rate TJ7 TNC Before beam After beam End-of-year shut-down  Possible (RP approval) to intervene in TNC for “upgrade” of user’s services, limited repair works,... Ans Pardons

Extra: Operation IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, Future users  Future users already interested in using HiRadMat  Collimator phase 2 (prototyping work)  LHC beam dump entrance window robustness  Studies of protection devices and windows (TE-ABT)  Vacuum chamber coatings for electron cloud mitigation  R2E teams - irradiation facility – radiation damage  BLM developments  LARP Rotatable Collimator Robustness Test (SLAC)  Radiation tolerance tests (EN-STI)  ISOLDE – Target and Ion Source Development

Extra beamline IEFC Workshop Mar. 22, Christoph Hessler Beam 25 m Experimental area TI 2 TT60 TT66

Christoph Hessler 38 Beam Line Status (March 2011) Beam 25 m Experimental area TI 2 TT60 TT66 TT60 upstream chicane: All magnets installed and aligned. Vacuum system installed and under vacuum. TT60 back in operation.

Christoph Hessler 39 Beam Line Status (March 2011) Beam 25 m Experimental area TI 2 TT60 TT66 TI 2: TBSE and additional BPMs installed. Re-installation completed and under vacuum. TI 2 back in operation.

Christoph Hessler 40 Beam Line Status (March 2011) Beam 25 m Experimental area TI 2 TT60 TT66 TT66 in TCC6: Installation completed in TCC6: Magnets/BI/vacuum system installed. Cables pulled and connected. Vacuum: Leak tested up to QTLF at the end of TCC6.

Christoph Hessler 41 Beam Line Status (March 2011) Beam 25 m Experimental area TI 2 TT60 TT66

Christoph Hessler 42 Beam Line Status (March 2011) Beam 25 m Experimental area TI 2 TT60 TT66 TT66 in TJ7/TNC: All magnets and most BI installed (only last BTV and BPKG missing). Alignment work almost completed. Installation of vacuum system on-going. To be under vacuum at end of next TS.