N cycling in the world’s oceans. Nitrogen N is an essential nutrient for all living organisms (nucleic acids and amino acids) N has many oxidation states,

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Nitrogen Fixation: Nitrogen fixation is one process by which molecular nitrogen is reduced to form ammonia. Ammonification: The chemical transformation.

Advertisements

Lecture Goals To discuss why nitrogen and phosphorus are important nutrients in freshwater systems. To trace how nitrogen and phosphorus move through freshwater.

Phosphorus Cycle Phosphorus is essential to the energetics, genetics and structure of living systems. Phosphorus forms part of the ATP, RNA, DNA and phospholipid.

Marine Ecosystems and Food Webs. Carbon Cycle Marine Biota Export Production.

Lecture 11: Ocean Primary Production and Biogeochemical Controls Oceanic ecosystem largely depends on the biochemical process of phytoplankton.

Lecture 19 The Ocean Nitrogen Cycle Sinks/Sources Sink - Denitrification Reactions Distributions Source - Nitrogen Fixation Reactions Distributions The.

The nitrogen cycle. Animals can not fix N2. They get their nitrogen by eating plants or by eating something that eats plants. Nitrogen Fixation is very.

NITROGEN CYCLE. Where is nitrogen found in the environment.

1 Nitrogen Cycle Most of Nitrogen is in the atmosphere. 14 N = 99.6% 15 N = 0.4% Air is standard for  15 N Range is –20 to +20 ‰

Marine Nitrogen Cycle Matthieu Heine. Marine Nitrogen Cycle Global patterns of marine nitrogen fixation and denitrification. Nicolas Gruber and Jorge.

Nitrogen Cycle Topic 1016 D Matt Jakubik. Facts Earth’s Atmosphere is almost 80 % nitrogen (N2) Earth’s Atmosphere is almost 80 % nitrogen (N2) Most nitrogen.

Cycles of Matter Unlike the one-way flow of energy,

Nutrient Cycles Eutrophication Nitrogen –Chemical Forms in the Aquatic Environment –Chemical Transformations –Cycle f-ratio Carbon.

Ecology PART III.

Cycles of Matter Matter is the substance that all objects are made of. Matter flows through an ecosystem in a cycle.

Core Training Feb 9th In-Service

15 N in marine plants Modified by Angela Quiros. (Montoya 2007) There is lots of variation in the 15 N values in the world’s oceans.

A biogeochemical model for the northwestern Atlantic continental shelf Katja Fennel & John Wilkin Thanks also to: Hernan Arrango, Julia Levin, Dale Haidvogel,

15 N in marine plants Alison Collins. Major Inputs of Nitrogen in the Ocean 1. Deep Water Nitrate 2.Atmospheric deposition Largest in areas near continental.

Coupled physical-biogeochemical modeling of the Louisiana Dead Zone Katja Fennel Dalhousie University Rob Hetland Texas A&M Steve DiMarco.

Lecture 18 The Ocean Nitrogen Cycle Denitrification Reactions Distributions Nitrogen Fixation Reactions Distributions.

Role of Bacteria in Nitrogen Cycle

Biogeochemical Cycles

(commercial fertilizers)

Plankton and Productivity

Nutrient Cycling Biogeochemical Cycles Energy vs. Matter  Energy flows throughout an ecosystem in ONE direction from the sun to autotrophs to heterotrophs.

BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES. Figure 4-28 Page 76 Precipitation Transpiration from plants Runoff Surface runoff Evaporation from land Evaporation from ocean.

Nitrogen in Lakes and Streams Wetzel Chapter 12 pp Joe Conroy 12 April 2004.

Courtney K. Harris Virginia Institute of Marine Sciences In collaboration with Katja Fennel and Robin Wilson (Dalhousie), Rob Hetland (TAMU), Kevin Xu.

Biogeochemical Controls and Feedbacks on the Ocean Primary Production.

Marine Geochemistry 2 Reference: Schulz and Zabel Marine Geochemistry Springer, New York pp. ISBN X.

Biogeochemical Cycles What is a Biogeochemical Cycle? –Only so much matter on earth because it is acts as a closed system. Energy enters as sunlight, but.

Biogeochemical Cycles Where do macromolecules come from & Where do they go?

Ecology: Ecosystems. Ecosystem Resources  Energy:  Energy: one way flow from sun to organisms and loss as heat (yellow, red arrows)  Nutrients:  Nutrients:

Georgia Tech Biological Oceanography Inputs of “New” Nitrogen to the Planktonic Food Web in the North Atlantic: How Far Does the Nitrogen Go? Jason Landrum.

Matter is classified as either organic or inorganic. Organic matter always contains carbon and hydrogen, although other elements may also be present. Inorganic.

Nature’s Recycling Programs There is a finite amount of matter on Earth. Matter is classified as organic or inorganic based on what elements it is composed.

EAS 4300 Guest Lecture Georgia Tech Biological Oceanography JPM Nutrient Cycles Nutrient limitation –N sources N Cycle –Budget –N 2 Fixation Links to the.

Nutrient Cycling 3.3. Energy vs. Matter  Energy flows throughout an ecosystem in ONE direction from the sun to autotrophs to heterotrophs  Matter is.

N cycling in the world’s oceans

Sources of nutrients to terrestrial systems

Biogeochemical Cycles

Producers and Consumers: the Living Components of Ecosystems BASIC ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE Biotic vs. Abiotic Producers, autotrophs … TROPH = EATING/FEEDING.

The Biogeochemical Cycles

Biogeochemical Controls and Feedbacks on the Ocean Primary Production

The Nitrogen Cycle Sources of Nitrogen

Nitrogen and Carbon Cycle Unit 4 – Nutrient Cycles in marine ecosystems.

2. Name two of the four biogeochemical cycles.

Life depends on recycling chemical elements

– NUTRIENTS 2 Chapter 3.4 in Chapman et al. Gretchen Gettel/Peter Kelderman UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education Online Module Water Quality.

Denitrification and the sedimentary N cycle 1.The marine fixed N budget 2.Reactions and cartoons 3.“classic” denitrification 4.Anaerobic NH 4 + oxidation.

Cycles of Matter. More Than Just Energy All living organisms need energy to survive, but they also need….. 1.Water 2.Minerals 3.And other life sustaining.

Nitrogen Cycle Thank – You Bacteria!.

Submitted by, SREEJITH P S4 EEE ROLL NO:- 54

Nutrient Cycles aka Biogeochemical Cycles

Biogeochemical Cycles

The Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Cycles

222Rn, oxygen, nutrients (nitrate, ammonia, phosphate)

Unit 2: Ecology 2.2 Cycles of Matter.

Carbon Cycle Biological Significance: Carbon is the key component in all organic molecules. These are the essence of life! >Photosynthesis: 6CO2 + 6H2O.

Cycles of Matter.

Nutrients that limit growth in the ocean

Nitrogen cycle.

Recap on biological oceanography.

3-3 Cycles of Matter.

ABIOTIC CYCLES WE WILL: YOU WILL:.

BIOCHEMICAL CYCLES REVIEW

3-3 Cycles of Matter.

3-3 Cycles of Matter.

Presentation transcript:

N cycling in the world’s oceans

Nitrogen N is an essential nutrient for all living organisms (nucleic acids and amino acids) N has many oxidation states, which makes speciation and redox chemistry very interesting NH 4 + is preferred N nutrient

Marine N Non-bioavailable N 2 O 200 Tg N (+1) N 2 2.2*10 7 Tg N (0) Bioavailable/Fixed (oxidation state) NO *10 5 Tg N (+5) NO Tg N (+3) NH *10 3 Tg N (-3) Organic N 5.3*10 5 Tg N (-3) Libes, 1992 Nitrate Nitrite Ammonia

Marine Reservoir: 6.3*10 5 Tg N Sources: 287 Tg N/yr Atmospheric deposition: 86 Tg N/yr N 2 fixation: 125 Tg N/yr River Input: 76 Tg N/yr Codispoti et al. (2001) Marine Fixed N Budget

Marine Reservoir: 6.3*10 5 Tg N Sources: 287 Tg N/yr Sinks: 482 Tg N/yr Water Column denitrification: 150 Tg N/yr Atmospheric deposition: 86 Tg N/yr N 2 O loss: 6 Tg N/yr N 2 fixation: 125 Tg N/yr Sedimentation: 25 Tg N/yr Benthic denitrification: 300 Tg N/yr Organic N export: 1 Tg N/yr River Input: 76 Tg N/yr Codispoti et al. (2001) Marine Fixed N Budget

Marine Reservoir: 6.3*10 5 Tg N Sources: 287 Tg N/yr Sinks: 482 Tg N/yr Water Column denitrification: 150 Tg N/yr Atmospheric deposition: 86 Tg N/yr N 2 O loss: 6 Tg N/yr N 2 fixation: 125 Tg N/yr Sedimentation: 25 Tg N/yr Benthic denitrification: 300 Tg N/yr Organic N export: 1 Tg N/yr River Input: 76 Tg N/yr Codispoti et al. (2001) Marine Fixed N Budget

Oceanic Nitrogen Budget Estimates Georgia Tech Biological Oceanography

N* Distribution Shows Interplay Between N 2 -Fixation and Denitrification N* = 0.87( [NO 3 - ] - 16[PO 4 3- ] + 2.9) (Gruber & Sarmiento 1997)

Trichodesmium: The Usual Suspect Diazotrophs, including Trichodesmium, are broadly distributed in nutrient poor oceanic waters, but their contribution to the marine N budget remains poorly constrained. Georgia Tech Biological Oceanography Trichodesmium puffs (above) and tufts (right). Photos by Hans Paerl. Trichodesmium blooms from aboard ship (left) and from space (below).

Georgia Tech Biological Oceanography Major Biological Transformations of Nitrogen (Inspired by Codispoti 2001and Liu 1979)

NO 3 Chlorophyll Large detritus Organic matter N2N2 NH 4 NO 3 Water column Sediment Phytoplankton NH 4 Mineralization Uptake Nitrification Grazing Mortality Zooplankton Susp. particles Aerobic mineralization Denitrification N2N2 Fixation Mix Layer depth Oceanic N Cycle Schematic

NH 4 + New vs. Regenerated Production Biological Pump

Respiration ΔG° (kJ/mol) -119 Denitrification -113 MnO 2 reduction Fe oxide reduction Sulfate reduction Methanogenesis Organic Matter Oxidation Sequence Morel & Herring, 1993

Beggiatoa Mat Overview Georgia Tech Biological Oceanography

Beggiatoa Mat Georgia Tech Biological Oceanography

Alternative pathways to N 2 NitrificationAnammox OLAND MnO 2 Reduction Microbially mediated Chemical Reactions Heterotrophic Denitrification Nitrogen Fixation Mn 2+ Oxidation

Microbial Community Processes Georgia Tech Biological Oceanography

Alternative Pathways to N 2

Surface Nutrient Distribution Data: eWOCE. Plot prepared with ODV