SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 Payload Functionality during SODAP: preliminary review SMOS Project Team, ESTEC/ESAC/ESRIN EADS-CASA Espacio, UPC, TKK and DEIMOS SMOS CEC, ESAC Presented by: M. Martín-Neira

SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 CONTENTS - On-board Subsystems Check - CMN A2 Strategy - IOCP High Level Planning - RFI - Next Steps

SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 LICEFs A2 segment right after switch-on 17-Nov-09 (6 LICEFs); T o =10  C LO locked here Dual Pol: H and V U-noise - All LICEF are working well as can be deduced from the PMS values All other segments like this one

SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 LO locked here a few Kelvin NIR V channels right after switch-on 17-Nov-09 T o =10  C initialisation NIRs - All three NIR units are working fine, within a few Kelvin from each other NIR H channels similarly

SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 MOHA - All optical links are fine, as deduced from the correlations over the Antarctica coast line and from redundant correlations (manual check) LCF-A17  LCF-A18LCF-A05  LCF-A06

SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 On Redundant Baselines - Redundant baselines are very similar to each other, for all spacings (may help to reduce LO noise injections) LCF-A05  LCF-A20LCF-A04  LCF-A19

SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 CAS - The on-board calibration system is working also fine - The false lock of A2 was discovered during the first CAS operation Normal Correlations during CalibrationVery Low Correlations with A2 Segment

SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 CMN - The CMNs are working fine - However they seem to be affected by radiation and lose the LO lock from time to time - All CMNs recover in 5 or less epochs (this is the affected data) … - … except A2 which locks onto a secondary frequency From CAS measurements: 1 / π Δf T < 20 / 6500 Δf > 6500 / 20π T = 86 Hz

SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 Proposed Strategy for CMN A2 From ground measurements it is known that CMN A2 locks better at colder temperatures A2 unlocks Now at 22C Go down to 18C A2 unlocks Continue Commissioning Switch Arm-A OFF - ON Review Situation Relocks OK NOK Relocks OK NOK

SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 Impact on IOCP High Level Plan OCEAN FROM SPACE (VENICE) 1 week SODAP PAYLOAD Dual-Full Key Point 122b KP0 KP2 KP1 KP3 PLM Switch ON XMAS (24-Dec till 3-Jan) 4X MICRORAD (WASHINGTON) L2 Collocation - Instrument commissioning will finish 1 week later than expected - Pseudo-operational phase is shortened by 1 week accordingly Mon 23-Nov-09 Mon 21-Dec-09 Mon 18-Jan-10 Mon 15-Feb-10 Mon 15-Mar-10 Mon 12-Apr-10 Mon 10-May-10 = Start of Operational Phase

SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 CORRELATOR - The first correlator test was performed last Monday 7-Dec Data to be processed

SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 RFI – first detections - Spikes in PMS, NIRs and correlations are produced by interferors - They seldom saturate the PMS voltages - Full calibration will allow to better focus the interference signals

SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 RFI – geographical distribution - Strong RFI in Europe, Middle East, South-Eastern Asia, Northern Africa - Smaller localised interferors in other places (even boats) - America, Antarctica, the Arctic, Greenland, Australia, most of Africa and Siberia, widely clean

SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 - Some European countries appear much cleaner than others … Interference over Europe

SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 - Signature is periodic … Strong Interferors are Radars 1 st peak 2 nd peak N th peak.....

SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 - … and depends on time (SMOS in radar beam) Strong Interferors are Radars Legend: First = 1 st peak; Second = 2 nd peak; 0 = no RFI; 1 = RFI

SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 - Prepare the procedure to set the instrument temperature down to 18C - Obtain full calibration parameters (except for temperature coefficients) - Apply FTT to L1 imaging - Analyse LO calibration rate - Assess instrument absolute accuracy and sensitivity - Clearly L1 needs to enhance RFI detection and cleaning - Verify the Corbella Equation (see next slides) Next Steps (Week 2b and 3)

SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December /17 HUT-2D verification of Corbella equation - Try to repeat the same exercise with SMOS …