UNIT 4 Chapter 17 – European Renaissance & Reformation THE RENAISSANCE & REFORMATION

CHAPTER 17: European Renaissance and Reformation, 1300–1600 Two movements, the Renaissance and the Reformation, usher in dramatic social and cultural changes in Europe. SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SECTION 3 SECTION 4 Italy: Birthplace of the Renaissance The Northern Renaissance Luther Leads the Reformation The Reformation Continues

 CORE OBJECTIVE: Explain the conditions in Europe that brought upon the Renaissance and the Reformation. o Objective 4.3: Trace the development and impact of the Northern Renaissance.  THEME: Two movements, the Renaissance and the Reformation, usher in dramatic social and cultural changes in Europe.

The Northern Renaissance CHAPTER 17 SECTION 2 In the 1400s, the ideas of the Italian Renaissance begin to spread to Northern Europe.

THESIS EXAMPLE  LEONARDO DA VINCI o Leonardo da Vinci was the greatest artist of the Renaissance because of his interest in classical culture, belief in human potential; and influence on future artists  Main Supporting Points o #1 Classical Culture (Greece & Rome) o #2 Belief in human potential (science & invention) o #3 Influence upon history

RENAISSANCE IDEAS SPREAD  Spirit of Renaissance Italy impresses visitors from northern Europe  The Renaissance spreads for 3 reasons o #1 Hundred Years’ War ends (1453) o #2 Merchants in northern cities sponsor artists o #3 Monarchs are art patrons

NORTHERN RENAISSANCE ART  Flemish Painters o Flanders is the artistic center of northern Europe o Jan van Eyck, pioneer in oil-based painting, uses layers of paint o Van Eyck’s paintings are realistic and reveal subject’s personality o Pieter Bruegel captures scenes of peasant life with realistic details  Artists, writers move to northern Europe fleeing war in Italy (1494) o Artists interested in realism o Albrecht Dürer’s woodcuts and engravings emphasize realism (Germany) o Hans Holbein the Younger paints portraits, often of English royalty

PETER BRUEGEL (ELDER) NORTHERN RENAISSANCE ART

BRUEGEL The Younger

WRITERS WANT REFORM  Northern Humanists o Criticize the Catholic Church, start Christian humanism o Want to reform society and promote education, particularly for women  Women’s Reforms o Christine de Pizan, one of the first women writers o She promotes education, equal treatment for boys and girls  Christian Humanists o Desiderius Erasmus of Holland is best-known Christian humanist o Erasmus’s book, The Praise of Folly, pokes fun at merchants and priests o Thomas More of England creates a model society in his book Utopia

THE ELIZABETHAN AGE  Queen Elizabeth I o Renaissance spreads to England in mid-1500s o English 1500’s known as the Elizabethan Age, after Queen Elizabeth I o She was a strong patron of arts, especially theatre o Elizabeth reigns from 1558 to 1603  William Shakespeare o Shakespeare is often regarded as the greatest playwright, from England o Born in Stratford-upon-Avon in 1564 o Plays performed at London’s Globe Theater o Famous works: Hamlet, Romeo & Juliet, A Midsummer Night’s Dream

THE PRINTING PRESS  Around 1440 Johann Gutenberg of Germany develops printing press o Printing press allows for quick, cheap book production o What was the first book printed with movable type in 1455?

 Renaissance painters in Flanders, as in Italy, tended to produce work that was A. Idealistic B. Distorted C. Realistic D. Religious  In 1509 Erasmus wrote his most famous work, The Praise of Folly, which A. Depicted his ideal society B. Revealed tragedy through dramatic scenes conflict C. Questioned the treatment of girls in education D. Poked fun at merchants, scholars, and religion

 Renaissance painters in Flanders, as in Italy, tended to produce work that was A. Idealistic B. Distorted C. Realistic D. Religious  In 1509 Erasmus wrote his most famous work, The Praise of Folly, which A. Depicted his ideal society B. Revealed tragedy through dramatic scenes conflict C. Questioned the treatment of girls in education D. Poked fun at merchants, scholars, and religion

The Renaissance – Crash Course  Was it a Thing?  0&index=22&list=PLBDA2E52FB1EF80C9 0&index=22&list=PLBDA2E52FB1EF80C9