Israel Country controlled by the Jewish people in ancient history through 135 CE –Judaism: Oldest monotheistic religion Moses brings 10 commandments – laws written for all to follow

Turmoil (conflict) By WW1 this area is called Palestine & was part of the Ottoman Empire –Palestine: consists of both Muslims (Arabs) & Jews Zionists: Want an independent Israel for Jews

Balfour Declaration 1917: British promise to help create a Jewish state & one for Palestine Doesn’t work!

WW2 Persecution of Jews causes many to flee to Palestine before & during WW2 Post WW2: increased pressure to create a homeland for the Jews who survive Holocaust Britain asks UN to decide what to do: –Partition Palestine into: 1.Israel 2.Palestine

1948 Israel becomes an independent nation BUT, Palestinians and Arabs are upset! (Jews taking Arab land!) Next day, 6 Arab countries invade Israel

The End?!? Israel wins after months of fighting & help from US Israel & some Arab nations take land set aside for Palestine Today – no country for Palestinians

Ind #7: Peace in the Middle East? 1.Which country colonized India? 2.Who led the civil disobedience for independence in India? 3.What is partition? 4.Which 2 countries were made out of India? 5.Israel was founded as a homeland for which religion?

Suez Canal Canal (huge ditch) connects Med. Sea w/Red Sea 1956: Egypt seizes canal –Why is this a problem? Isr kicks out Egy END: Egypt maintains control of canal

6 Day War 1967: USSR giving supplies to Egypt –Nasser, “We are eager for battle in order to force the enemy [Israel] to awake from his dreams, and meet Arab reality face to face.” Egy moves troops closer to Isr Isr attacks back Isr wins in 6 days –Isr loses 800 / Arab loses over 15,000

Result: Israel gains control of Jerusalem, Sinai Peninsula & West Bank –Gives them a buffer zone (layer of protection) from Arab attack

Yom Kippur War (1973) Egypt surprise attacks Israel on their most important holiday, Yom Kippur 1 st Egy gets most of their land back Then, Isr regains majority of land

Peace? 1977: Egypt offers peace to Israel. –“We used to reject you…Yet, today we agree to live with you in permanent peace and justice” –BUT, Israel would have to give up land won in 6 day war –Should Israel take the deal?

Camp David Accords (1978) US President Jimmy Carter invites Egypt & Israel to Camp David to negotiate peace agreement Called Camp David Accords (1978): –Egypt recognizes Israel as a legitimate (rightful) state –Israel gives Sinai Peninsula to Egypt

Palestine PLO: Palestinian Liberation Organization: wants independence for Pal. –Uses guerilla warfare & civil disobedience –Israel fights back w/bombings

Israeli soldiers and police officers forced Jewish settlers from a contested building in the West Bank city of Hebron on Thursday. Some settlers then went on an angry rampage, and Israel declared the southern West Bank off limits to nonresidents Negotiations are ongoing …..