Craig Ogilvie, Iowa State University On behalf of the PHENIX Collaboration Heavy flavor systematics from PHENIX Sep 27, 2013 1 Complexity of interpreting.

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Presentation transcript:

Craig Ogilvie, Iowa State University On behalf of the PHENIX Collaboration Heavy flavor systematics from PHENIX Sep 27, Complexity of interpreting data from HI collisions Use systematics: spectra, elliptic flow,… Present d+Au, Cu+Cu, excitation function,… Which leads to the complexity of interpreting d+Au…

Complexity of d(p)+A collisions Sep 27, Nuclear structure functions Shadowing, saturation at low-x Anti-shadowing at moderate, high-x Initial state scattering Often modeled as increase in effective kT Likely largest impact at RHIC where spectra are softer Possible collective effects Barbara Jacak’s talk on Wed Final state energy-loss, absorption,…. Centrality classification

CNM I: d+Au heavy-flavor at 200 GeV Sep 27, Non-photonic e, from heavy-flavor decays Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, (2012), Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, (2012) Significant enhancement at moderate p T

CNM II: d+Au heavy-flavor at 200 GeV Sep 27, Non-photonic e, from heavy-flavor decays Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, (2012) Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, (2012) Enhancement present in min-bias Effect not caused by challenges of centrality definition R dA P T (GeV/c)

CNM IV: Forward, backward  from HF decay Sep 27,   e Forward rapidity suppressed Likely shadowing at low-x in Au Backward rapidity enhanced anti-shadowing at higher x in Au? or increase in due to initial scattering?

CNM III: Identified hadron spectra in dA Sep 27, Phys. Rev. C 88, (2013) Phys. Rev. C 88, (2013) Cronin peak: proton ~ > HF e Why?

R dA P T (GeV/c) CNM II: d+Au heavy-flavor at 200 GeV Sep 27, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, (2012) Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, (2012) Does increase have larger impact when p+p spectrum is soft? spectra = convolution of scattering + fragmentation Or recombination effects in hadronization? Or collective? Or… Opportunity for theory impact

Example with  0 R dA Sep 27,  0 calc from I. Vitev Reasonable reproduction of  0 Nuclear structure function Cronin Large initial state multiple- scattering Final state E loss Need calculations for heavy- flavor R dA Vitev et al., PRD 74 (2006) Phys.Lett. B718 (2012)

J/  CNM Sep 27, y EPS09 nuclear structure functions plus breakup Reasonable reproduction, misses centrality dependence BUT, charm is enhanced at moderate p T (non-photonic electrons R dA >1) 1)Do these calculations reproduce open charm R dA >1 ? 2)If not, then more effective suppression needed for J/  PRL 107, (2011)

Normalize J/  by HF? Sep 27, R dA P T (GeV/c ) J/  Phys. Rev. C 87, (2013) Au-going, high-x d-going, low-x

Connect d+Au to A+A Sep 27, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, (2012), Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, (2012) 1) Enhancement in d+Au + energy-loss  suppression in A+A 2) Models must attempt to reproduce both d+A and A+A Min-bias collisions

One method to organize results Sep 27, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, (2012), Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, (2012) Matt Durham Common suppression pattern when normalized by square of R dA Does this take into account impact of initial state increase of ?

Intermediate Cu+Cu: links d+A and Au+Au Sep 27, Peripheral Cu+Cu (yellow) Enhancement ~ central d+Au (blue )

d+Au to Cu+Cu to Au+Au Sep 27, Interplay of two effects CNM increases yield, competes with energy-loss suppression

d+Au to Cu+Cu to Au+Au Sep 27, Higher pT CNM increases yield, stronger energy-loss suppression

dAu Cu+Cu heavy-flavor, forward rapidity Sep 27, Large uncertainties: Forward y in central d+Au ~ peripheral Cu+Cu Cu+Cu forward y, Au+Au mid-rapidity

Additional lever arm: beam energy Sep 27, Dominant energy-loss at high  s Transitions to stronger Cronin effect at lower  s p T (GeV/c) charged hadrons from Au+Au 00 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, (2012)

Need R dA at lower-beam energy Sep 27, Not in current RHIC running plan :( How does R dA change from 200 GeV to 62 GeV Three beam energies (62, 200 GeV, LHC) constrains interplay of structure function, initial state scattering R dA calculations at 62 GeV  R dA ~ 2 at 62 GeV  R dA ~ 1.2 at 200 GeV A. Accardi Eur. Phys. J. C 43, 121–125 (2005)

Non-photonic electrons Au+Au 62 GeV Sep 27, Lower beam energy changes interplay of two effects Stronger CNM competing with weaker energy-loss Forthcoming PHENIX publication spectra with smaller systematics comparison with p+p, R AA etc. If your model reproduces 200 GeV and 2.76 TeV heavy flavor R AA Final call for 62 GeV HF R AA prediction

HF v 2 at lower beam energy Sep 27, HF flow is > 0 at 62 GeV, but uncertainties large

V 2 2 nd constraint on e-loss Au+Au 200 GeV Sep 27, Low-pt Charm v 2, extent of thermalization of HF Challenge for theory to reproduce both R AA, v 2 Many calculations, theory updates past few years

One example, P.B. Gossiaux SQM 2013 Sep 27, Elastic + radiative energy loss With running coupling 

Is  pT/pT what we should be plotting for HF? Sep 27, PRC 87, (2013) Suggestion in spirit of workshop, This is being worked on for HF, but no results available yet

VTX PHENIX Two layers of silicon pixel detectors Two layers of silicon strip detectors Four layers in endcaps Tracks extrapolate back to collision vertex Displaced vertices  charm (D), beauty (B) Requires ~ 50  m precision D  e+X Au e X B  e+X X    e  e  e e Sep 27, Installed

VTX p+p results Sep 27, /10/23 charm/bottom assumes PYTHIA spectra DCA data are fit by expected DCA shapes of Signal components : c  e and b  e (right column) Background components (left column) Fit range : 0.2<|DCA|<1.5(mm) b/(b+c)=

VTX p+p results Sep 27, /10/23 FONLL consistent with b/(b+c) data

Physics Goal Sep 27, Energy-loss heavy-flavor  understand nature of sQGP Progress on understanding many details If a model reproduces a broad range of data Can we infer any characteristics of QGP? Either direct via a parameter of model Diffusion parameter Or run same dynamical model in a “box”, e.g. radiation + collision E loss Infer effective transport parameters Which characteristics of sQGP are accessible this way and can we communicate this to our fellow physicists ? Maybe too many unsettled aspects yet

Summary Sep 27, Complexity of interpreting d+Au Levers: centrality, A, y,  s, change impact of Structure function, initial state scattering, e-loss,… HF R dA enhancement up to factor of 1.5 Call for model calculations Is dAu HF a better baseline for R AA HF and dAu J/  production?? Complexity of interpreting data from HI collisions Cu+Cu HF yields smoothly connects dAu to Au+Au Competition between enhancement + suppression Change this competition Au+Au HF 62 GeV, need dAu running at 62 GeV

Backup slides Sep 27,

X-ranges Sep 27, SPS Pb+Pb 17 GeV RHIC Au+Au 200 GeV LHC Pb+Pb 5.5 TeV c-cbar X~10 -1 X~10 -2 X~10 -3 to Eskola et al. JHEP 0904 (2009) 065

R AA of heavy-flavor: from RHIC to LHC Sep 27, Note to Craig add citations

Sep 27,

Charm production at 62 GeV reproduced by FONLL Sep 27,

Sep 27,

Sep 27,

Less bound charmonia in dAu collisions Sep 27, arXiv: All three systems consistent within uncertainties

Less bound charmonia in dAu collisions Sep 27, arXiv:  ’ suppression stronger than J/  for more central dAu collisions Stronger effective breakup cross-section?

Photon in dA Sep 27, Phys.Lett. B718 (2012)