1. Part 2

2. CLIMATE AFFAIRS: PART 2

3. Superstorm 1993 (March 12-15) From the Caribbean to Canada

4. ENSO: What it can do (based on what it has done in the recent past)

5. The Devil is in the Details: Australian Example

6. Perception of Climate’s Impacts on Agriculture Weather USDA 1984

7. Reality of Climate’s Impacts on Agriculture Weather USDA 1984

8. Europe heatwave temperature anomaly

9. Heat Wave in Europe, 2003

10. Heat waves are deadly

11. Global Warming What’s happening? Why? Who’s doing it? Who’s affected by it? How do we know?

12. Toward an ice-free Arctic Ocean Photo credit: Peter West, National Science Foundation Melting Arctic sea ice

13. Climate Policy & Law Air pollution, acid rain, ozone depletion, global warming Energy consumption, land-use practices, GHGs emission controls Trans-boundary water issues, coastal ocean issues, air-shed management IPCC deliberations and reports

14. Climate Politics US Cities vs Federal government California regulations to reduce greenhouse gases from automobiles for the first time anywhere. California's landmark regulations under attack from auto industry organizations demanding the roll- back of new climate protecting regulations.

15. Hurricane Katrina

16. Winners or losers in global warming?

17. International Response to US Pullout of Kyoto Process

18. Climate Economics Discounting the future – Welfare: Present versus future generations Discounting human lives Forecast value studies – Value of lives, North & South Prevent, mitigate or adapt – To climate variability and change

19. Costs, benefits and Global Warming

20. Insurance industry takes an interest Probability of Major Hurricane Landfall 2006 (CATEGORY 3, 4, 5) Average (Past century) 2006F Entire US Coast52%81% US East Coast Including Florida Peninsula 31%64% Gulf Coast from FL Panhandle to Brownsville, TX 30%47% Above-Average Major Hurricane Landfall in Caribbean Source: Dr. William Gray, Colorado State University, December 6, 2005.

21. Sources of C02 as of 2000 (emissions in millions of metric tons)

22. Victims of GHG impacts

23. Environmental Refugees Image credit: Friends of the EarthPhoto credit: Crosbie

24. Hurricane Mitch refugees (Oct.-Nov. 1998)

25. Render unto climate … We must identify climate’s contribution to its impacts on societies We must also identify society’s contribution to climate’s impacts

26. Do you think we need to improve communicating science? This graphic was used by a scientist to show policy people the magnitude of the recent 1997-98 El Nino, compared to earlier years. Is this message clear to you?

27. Need to improve society’s understanding of science “A once-in-a-century climate disaster caused by a warm current off the Peruvian coast”

28. Something to think about “I said that I wasn’t clever. I was just noticing how things were, and that wasn’t clever. That was just being observant. Being clever was when you looked at how things are and used the evidence to work out something new.” (Mark Haddon, 2002)