2. Chapter 2, Lesson 2 ACOS #3: Compare major Native American cultures in respect to geographic region, natural resources, government, economy, and religion. ACOS #3a: Locate Native American groups by geographic region.

3. Key Vocabulary surplus – extra supplies potlatch - a traditional feast of Northwest Indians. The hosts of the potlatch ceremony served a large amount of food and gave valuable gifts to the guests. clan - a group of related families

4. Northwest Coast Indians

5. Northwest Coast: Environment, Food, and Shelter Indians of the Northwest Coast lived between the ocean and rugged mountain ranges. The growing season was short, and the climate was too wet for much agriculture. There were plenty of fish, especially salmon. There were also deer and bears. There was wood to build houses and to make tools. If tribes could not get something by themselves, they could trade. People traveled by water. Northwest Coast Indians traveled in dugouts, or boats made from large, hollowed out logs. Outside each house stood a wooden pole called a totem pole. Each totem pole was beautifully carved with shapes of people and animals. The carvings showed each family’s history and importance. Northwest Coast

6. Northwest Indians Lived in an area bordered by an ocean on one side and forest on the other Hunted and fished for food Known for catching salmon

7. Northwest Indians There was a surplus, more than enough, of salmon so they dried and ate them all year Made their clothing out of wood (woven cedar bark). They carved cedar logs into canoes called dugouts Lived in long houses Their skilled craftsman made totem poles

8. Totem Poles Totem poles were used to remember their heritage. Some Indians drew pictures on rock walls which told the story of a great hunt or fierce war. Some Indians carved cedar tree trunks to tell the history of the family or an entire village. They were sometimes placed in the middle of the village. The totem poles had carvings of animals, crests, and other faces to tell a story.

9. Potlatches Potlatches were held to celebrate important events, such as marriage, or the building of a house. Potlatches could last several days.

10. Tlingit Indians The Tlingit depended on the sea, rivers, and forests for their way of life.

11. The Resourceful Region The Tlingit lived in the Northwest Coast where the forest and sea provided abundant resources like fuel, wood for homes, from the forest and halibut from the sea. The land had direct water routes which helped them trade with other regions and therefore became wealthy. The land had animals to hunt year round and berries to eat.

12. Tlingit Food The Tlingit tribe usually ate salmon that could be cooked fresh or dried. They speared,used nets or traps to catch the fish. They got most of their food from the water. The Tlingit tribe also ate roots and berries that they found on the ground. If a tribe lived inland, they would hunt mountain goats,bear, and deer for food.

13. Tlingit Clans The Tlingit divided themselves into clans. Clans are a group of related families. Several families from the same clan lived together. They put dividers in their houses so each family had privacy. People gathered around a fire in the center of the house to cook and talk.

14. How did geography help the Northwest Indians survive? The Northwest Indians depended on the sea, rivers, and forests for their way of life.

15. Tlingit Today Tlingit have always been known as skilled craftsmen. Today, about 17,000 live in Alaska. Many still fish the rivers and waters along the Alaskan Coast. Along with fishing, many have jobs working in the forests cutting wood.

16. Vocabulary Review A culture with cities, a government, and many different jobs for people to do civilization A mass of ice that moves slowly over land. glacier Growing plants for food; farming agriculture A Spanish word for town pueblo Movement of people or animals from one region to another. migration

17. Vocabulary Review A traditional feast of Northwest Indians potlatch extra surplus A group of related families clan