1. 04/18/20101 Scottish and English Reformations: John Knox & the English Royals “From the Reformation to the Constitution” Bill Petro your friendly neighborhood historian billpetro.com/v7pc

2. 04/18/20102 Objectives By the end of this session you should be able to Trace the development of Scottish Presbyterianism Discuss causes of the English Reformation Identify how English Royalty affected the Reformation

3. 04/18/20103 Heidelberg Catechism Composed in Heidelberg at the request of Elector Frederick III, who ruled the Palatinate from 1559 to 1576. Zacharius Ursinus and Caspar Olevianus were coauthors January 19, 1563 the Elector writes, "with the advice and cooperation of our entire theological faculty in this place, and of all superintendents and distinguished servants of the church" he secured the preparation of the Heidelberg Catechism. Approved by a synod in Heidelberg in January 1563. Soon the catechism was divided into fifty-two sections so that it could be explained in preaching each Sunday of the year. 1618-1619: The Synod of Dort approved the Heidelberg Catechism

4. 04/18/20104 Heidelberg Castle in its prime

5. 04/18/20105 Heidelberg Castle today

6. 04/18/20106 Heidelberg Castle above city

7. 04/18/20107 Inside Heidelberg Castle

8. 04/18/20108 Reformation Traditions Lutheranism Episcopal Anabaptist Congregational Mennonites English Sep English Baptists } Reformed Presbyterian Scottish Presbyterian Dutch Reformed Lutheran 1517 Luther - Melanchthon French-Swiss 1532 Calvin - Beza German-Swiss 1519 Zwingli - Bullinger Swiss Brethren 1525 Grebel – Manz - Simonsz English 1536 Henry VIII - Cranmer Anglican Episcopal Church of England

9. 04/18/20109 Calvinism Jumps the Channel

10. 04/18/201010

11. 04/18/201011 John Knox Thundering Scot Univ of St. Andrew 1536: Priest Wartime preacher Galley slave Exile in Geneva, Frankfurt Returns to Edinburgh Wrote Scots Confession

12. 04/18/201012 Thunderous Blasts against Mary 5 personal interviews with Mary Queen of Scots

13. 04/18/201013 St. Giles Cathedral, Edinburgh

14. 04/18/201014 Mary Stuart Mary Queen of Scots Henry VII’s Grand-daughter Marries Francis II of France France claims Scotland Mary claims England Knox preaches against Mary Son James VI: –James I of England

15. 04/18/201015 Why was there an English Reformation? Lollards: Wycliffe’s followers at Oxford Early Humanists: Erasmus, Thomas More Early Reformers: William Tyndale –Tyndale’s was first printed Bible –Wycliffe’s was hand copied Luther’s Writings Henry VIII’s marital problems

16. 04/18/201016 Henry VIII Second son, after Arthur Clergy, theologian Married Catherine, brother’s wife -- to keep dowry Sonless, annulment? Pope refused

17. 04/18/201017 6 Wives of Henry VIII MaryElizabethEdward

18. 04/18/201018 Henry’s Actions 1532:Submission of the clergy 1534:Act of Supremacy 1536:Closed all monasteries 1539:Six Articles –Nationalized Church –Still Roman Catholic in doctrine

19. 04/18/201019 Thomas Cranmer Protestant Archbishop of Canterbury Book of Common Prayer

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21. 04/18/201021 Reformed CatholicismHenry VIII 1509

22. 04/18/201022 Edward VI Boy king 2 Regents Tutored by Henry Bullinger Chaplain: John Knox Married Lady Jane Gray

23. 04/18/201023 Reformed CatholicismHenry VIII Advanced ProtestantismEdward VI 1509 1547

24. 04/18/201024 Mary Tudor “Bloody” Mary, 1553 Married Spanish Philip II, enemy of England Restored Papacy Persecuted Englishmen –300 Smithfield martyrs –Marian exiles: Geneva, Frankfurt, Zurich

25. 04/18/201025 Oxford Martyrs Latimer, Ridley… Cranmer

26. 04/18/201026 Broad Street Monument

27. 04/18/201027 Reformed CatholicismHenry VIII Advanced ProtestantismEdward VI Militant CatholicismMary Tudor 1509 1547 1553

28. 04/18/201028 Elizabeth I Couldn’t be Catholic – illegitimate in Rome Didn’t like Protestantism “Via Media” –Protestant Doctrine –Catholic Rituals Lived long

29. 04/18/201029 Reformed CatholicismHenry VIII Advanced ProtestantismEdward VI Militant CatholicismMary Tudor AnglicanismElizabeth Rise of Puritanism 1509 1547 1553 1558 1603

30. 04/18/201030 James I James VI of Scotland Puritans petitioned for change in church government Hampton Court Conference: –Refused –Permitted new Bible translation Reissued Book of Sport – riled the Puritans

31. 04/18/201031 Charles I Absolute authority Appointed Laud: AB of C –Arminian –Puritan Calvinists reacted Abolished Parliament: 1629-1640 Civil War: 1642-46 –Cavaliers - loyalists –Roundheads - Puritans

32. 04/18/201032 Reformed CatholicismHenry VIII Advanced ProtestantismEdward VI Militant CatholicismMary Tudor AnglicanismElizabeth Enforced James I EpiscopalianismCharles I Tudors | Stuarts 1509 1547 1625 1553 1558 1603

33. 04/18/201033 Oliver Cromwell Member of Parliament Head Parliamentary Army Lord Protector, Head of State –England –Scotland –Ireland

34. 04/18/201034 Reformed CatholicismHenry VIII Advanced ProtestantismEdward VI Militant CatholicismMary Tudor AnglicanismElizabeth Enforced James I EpiscopalianismCharles I Transcendent Presbyterian PuritanismIndependent Long Parliament 1509 1547 1625 1553 1558 1603 1640 1649 1660

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36. 04/18/201036 Westminster Assembly 1643-48 Directory of Church Government Westminster Confession Shorter &Longer Catechisms

37. 04/18/201037 Charles II Restoration of Monarchy Episcopacy returned Puritans were persecuted

38. 04/18/201038 James II A Catholic Forced to abdicate

39. 04/18/201039 Reformed CatholicismHenry VIII Advanced ProtestantismEdward VI Militant CatholicismMary Tudor AnglicanismElizabeth Enforced James I EpiscopalianismCharles I Transcendent Presbyterian PuritanismIndependent Enforced Charles II Episcopalianism James II Restoration 1509 1547 1625 1553 1558 1603 1640 1660 1649 1685

40. 04/18/201040 William & Mary Glorious Revolution Mary: James’ oldest daughter William: Ruler of the Dutch Religious Toleration

41. 04/18/201041 Reformed CatholicismHenry VIII Advanced ProtestantismEdward VI Militant CatholicismMary Tudor AnglicanismElizabeth Enforced James I EpiscopalianismCharles I Transcendent Presbyterian PuritanismIndependent Enforced Charles II Episcopalianism James II Religious TolerationWilliam & Mary Glorious Revolution 1509 1547 1625 1553 1558 1603 1640 1660 1689 1649 1685 Tudors | Stuarts

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43. 04/18/201043 1-Word Summary Catholic ChurchMerit LutherJustification ZwingliSovereignty AnabaptistsBeliever’s Baptism CalvinOmnipotence ArminiusAbility “Calvinism”TULIP KnoxThundering Henry VIIIMarried