1. Originate in settings where there is a relative sea level fall - where land surface is rising at a faster rate than sea level is rising. West Cliff Drive, Santa Cruz, CA Sea Cliffs and Fronting Wave Cut Platform

2. Sea Cliff Retreat – Processes and Timing 1.Abrasion of a Basal Notch 2.Thresholded Failure 3.Comminution Lag - Protective Feedback Episodic Sea Cliff Failure Retreat History Figure from Hapke and Richmond, 2002, Marine Geology

3. grain entrainment - abrasion - positive feedback beach development - wave energy dissipation - negative feedback Sea Cliff Erosion – feedbacks*

4. after: Ruggiero et al., 2001 What about influence of lithology? Correlation of Wave Runup and Sea Cliff Retreat

5. Tectonically Active Margin: Santa Cruz Mountains and SF Peninsula Image courtesy of USGS / PG&E Cooperative Research

6. Monterey Canyon - tectonic offset Figure from Greene et al., 1991

7. Highway 1 near Santa Cruz, California Erosional Geomorphic Features - Marine Terraces Note sharp edges of the modern (actively forming) sea cliffs and diffuse, scraps of terrace treads high in the landscape

8. Correspondence of Terrace Elevation with Age/SL highstand From Merritts and Bull, 1989, Geology

9. Marine Terrace Generation and Degradation* Animation by Robert S. Anderson: http://geomorph.geology.ufl.edu/~adamsp/Outgoing/Animations/bobs_terrace_movie.mov

10. Isostatic Uplift and Landform Preservation Holocene Beach Ridges - Sweden - isostatic uplift from deglaciation since late Pleistocene = 2mm/yr

11. Isostatic Uplift of the Florida Platform

12. Karstostasy - Idealized Animation by Peter N. Adams: http://geomorph.geology.ufl.edu/~adamsp/Outgoing/Animations/FlaEpeir_Run109.mov

13. Karstostasy – Application to Florida Through the Pleistocene Animation by Peter N. Adams: http://geomorph.geology.ufl.edu/~adamsp/Outgoing/Animations/FlaEpeir_Run125.mov