1. 2014 Child Support Policy Symposium March 18, 2014

2.   Scope of Incarceration  Economic Impact on former inmates  Economic impact on children Economic Impact of Incarceration

3. Collateral Costs: Incarceration’s Effect on Economic Mobility. Western, Bruce and Becky Pettit, The Pew Charitable Trusts.2010, http://www.pewtrusts.org/uploade dFiles/wwwpewtrustsorg/Reports/ Economic_Mobility/Collateral%20 Costs%20FINAL.pdf http://www.pewtrusts.org/uploade dFiles/wwwpewtrustsorg/Reports/ Economic_Mobility/Collateral%20 Costs%20FINAL.pdf

5.   54% of inmates are parents of minor children  1 in 28 children has an incarcerated parent  More than 10% of African American children have an incarcerated father and 1% have an incarcerated mother  1% of all children currently have a parent incarcerated for a drug crime Impact of Incarceration on Children

6.   44% of incarcerated parents lived with their children prior to incarceration  More than half of incarcerated parents were the primary earners for their children  During the period of the father’s incarceration, the average child’s family income fell 22%  Family income after incarceration remained 15% below pre-incarceration level Impact of Incarceration on Children

7.   Parental income is one of the strongest indicators of a child’s chances for upward economic mobility  Children of incarcerated parents have more difficulty in school Impact of Incarceration on Children

8.   Substantial financial obligations  Court or supervision fees  Restitution  Child Support  Difficulty finding employment  Lack of skills and experience  Lack of professional network/references  Stigma of incarceration Post-Incarceration Challenges

10.  Example: Obtaining a Driver License  Proof of birth date  Social Security card/number  Stable residence  Application form  60 day wait  Written/driving test may be required  Holds, suspensions, revocations Post-Incarceration Challenges

11.  Other Challenges  Safekeeping of Important Documents  Safe and Stable living arrangements  Former habits, hangouts, relationships  Making and keeping Appointments  Medication  Treatment  Support Network Post-Incarceration Challenges

12.   Securing stable employment is the key to successful reentry  Access to education, job training and work supports help offenders secure employment and break the cycle of crime  Offenders who participated in prison education programs were 29% less likely to be re-incarcerated Post-Incarceration Challenges

13.   Collateral Costs: Incarceration’s Effect on Economic Mobility. Western, Bruce and Becky Pettit, The Pew Charitable Trusts.2010, http://www.pewtrusts.org/uploadedFiles/wwwpewtrustsorg/Reports/Economic_Mobi lity/Collateral%20Costs%20FINAL.pdf http://www.pewtrusts.org/uploadedFiles/wwwpewtrustsorg/Reports/Economic_Mobi lity/Collateral%20Costs%20FINAL.pdf  Prison and the Poverty Trap: Long Prison Terms Eyed as Contributing to Poverty, By JOHN TIERNEY, Published: February 18, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/19/science/long-prison-terms-eyed-as- contributing-to-poverty.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0JOHN TIERNEY http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/19/science/long-prison-terms-eyed-as- contributing-to-poverty.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0  Geller, Amanda, Irwin Garfinkel, and Bruce Western. 2011. “Paternal Incarceration and Support for Children in Fragile Families.” Demography 48: 25-47, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3220952/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3220952/  Getting Out and Staying Out: A Guide to San Francisco Resources for People Leaving Jails and Prisons, The Reentry Council of the City and County of San Francisco. 2012, http://sfreentry.com/wp- content/uploads/2012/07/Getting-Out-and-Staying-Out.pdfhttp://sfreentry.com/wp- content/uploads/2012/07/Getting-Out-and-Staying-Out.pdf Resources

14.   65 Million “Need Not Apply”: The Case for Reforming Criminal Background Checks for Employment ; Rodriguez, M. & Emsellem, M.; The National Employment Law Project; 2011. http://nelp.3cdn.net/e9231d3aee1d058c9e_55im6wopc.pdf http://nelp.3cdn.net/e9231d3aee1d058c9e_55im6wopc.pdf  Western, Bruce and Becky Pettit. 2010. “Incarceration and Social Inequality.” Daedalus 139(3): 8-19. http://www.amacad.org/publications/daedalus/10_summer_western.pdf http://www.amacad.org/publications/daedalus/10_summer_western.pdf  From Prison to Work: A Proposal for a National Prisoner Reentry Program ; Western, B.;T The Brookings Institute; The Hamilton Project; Discussion Paper 2008-16; 2008. http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Research/Files/Papers/2008/12/pris on%20to%20work%20western/12_prison_to_work_western.PDF http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Research/Files/Papers/2008/12/pris on%20to%20work%20western/12_prison_to_work_western.PDF  Prison Studies Project – Publications, http://prisonstudiesproject.org/publications/ http://prisonstudiesproject.org/publications/ Resources