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1 FOOD PROCESSING, ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN RELATION TO TRADE
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INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION Food processing in Fiji is carried out from small cottage industry to large commercially developed industry which cater for domestic and international market. The company I come from is engaged in the canning and bottling of food products. The products we do are Tomato, Chill, Coconuts, Duruka, Taro, Cassava, Ivi and Breadfruit.
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cont As you may see apart from Tomato which we import, the rest of the products we do are grown wild in the bush like Ivi, Breadfruit and Duruka. This products do not require any pesticides and chemicals. This products after research could be labeled as organic products.
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Agricultural Practice However products made from Chillie, Cassava, Tomato and Taro, we do not have a direct control on the following: - Use of pesticides to control diseases - Use of antibiotics and hormones to control diseases. - Weedicides - Deforestation to make way for farming.
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Agroforestry – land management system being promoted by the Ecosystem where by many different,yet complimentary, crops being grown together so as to utilize every squire meter of land in a productive and environmentally an acceptable manner, while at the same time increasing soil fertility This system is very effective in Philippines with the help of the Soil Research Institute of the Philippines.
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The advantage of using Agro-forestry are: - Better land Management (Multicropping) - Increase soil fertility - Increase organically grown crops Note: Article by Mr Charles Spong cgspong@yahoo.com cgspong@yahoo.com
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Our farming system is highly dependent on the application of manufactured fertilizers and ever increasing use of pesticides, Hormone use in the livestock farming to speed growth and antibiotics to manage infections. Our farming system is highly dependent on the application of manufactured fertilizers and ever increasing use of pesticides, Hormone use in the livestock farming to speed growth and antibiotics to manage infections.
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Deforestation have caused soil erosion, depleted water ways and affect the off – shore marine ecosystem. This problem pose a serious threat to the food security
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Problems To the Food Industry Many a times we have come across the following problem: - Local supply of raw material cannot meet the demand for the processing industry. industry. - High cost of production -Quality does not meet the expectation. - Post harvest handling and transporting problem.
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Solution To overcome the problem of processing this products the food processing industry have to have the following: - A good food safety program - HACCP in place - ISO standard.
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Not many industries and processing factory in Fiji are compliant to ISO standard and HACCP. Nevertheless a good food safety program with HACCP is sufficient to deliver safe food to the consumer.
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Trade Requirement With other Countries. Apart from the HACCP, Food Safety Program and ISO standards we have to comply to standard set by the respective countries. - USDA, FDA - Quarantine requirement - Food Labeling / Nutritional Analysis
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Training Education is vital at far level which focus on sustainable food system which are: - Environmentally sound - Using Renewable resources - Economically Viable - Provide continuous source of Income
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To reduce the cost of production there is a need to value adding to the existing products. To reduce the cost of production there is a need to value adding to the existing products. Our company is looking at installing a new Boiler that is Wood fired. Food Processors will use the Coconut shells from the production to burn the boiler. This will reduce the cost of fuel use. Likewise fiber of cane can be used to generate electricity in Sugar mill
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Conclusion In conclusion I would suggest that every processing company should take interest and commitment to the creation of farming system that is environmentally friendly. With modernization and population growth our community is going to change no matter how much we want to stop. They will be development in new technology and Biotechnology may be regulated and its up to the individuals and the government to accept or reject.
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What we should keep in mind is that our country is small, we do not have money and resources to control major outbreak of disease with our crops and live stock. the last thing we want is: - Cows affected with mad cow diseases - Our chicken affected with Bird flu. - Exports on hold - Population suffer
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Reference Kathleen McAfee- Geography & Sustainable development www rochesterenvironment.com
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