1. Quoting references

2. Quoting references (Referencing/Citation/Bibliography) You need the following 10 : 1.Author’s(s) name 2.Title of article/chapter 3.Name of journal or book 4.Edition (for book,if applicable) 5.Publisher's name(for book) 6.Place of publication (for book) 7.Year of publication 8.Volume number (for journal) 9.Issue number (for journal) 10.Page numbers

3. Systems used: Vancouver system Harvard system D:\New folder2\Liverpool Folders Health

4. Vancouver system You will use consecutive numbers in the text to indicate your references. At the end of your report you will then list your references in that order, using the format described below

5. Quoting references Referencing/Citation/Bibliography For an article Author’s(s) (surname followed by initials). Title of the article. Name of the journal, year; volume (number): page numbers of article. Example: Ali KA,Ibrahim B & Yousif S.Assessment of nutritional status in pregnancy.Sudan Medical Journal,1985; 3 :193-196

6. Quoting references ( Referencing/Citation/Bibliography) For a book Author’s(s) (surname followed by initials). Title of the book. Place: Publisher, year, Edition. Example: Abramson JH. Survey methods in community medicine. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1990, 4 th ed.

7. For a chapter in a book, the reference can include: Author(s) of chapter (Surname(s) followed by initials). Chapter title. In: Editor(s) of book, (Surname(s) followed by initials). (eds). Title of book. Place: Publisher, year: page numbers of chapter. Example: Todd J and Barongo L. Epidemiological methods. In: Ng’weshemi J, Boerma T, Bennett J and Schapink D (eds). HIV prevention and AIDS care in Africa; A district level approach. Amsterdam: KIT Press, 1997: 51-68.

8. Website reference - Journal Zarli A. & Richaud O. (1999) 'Requirements and technology integration for IT-based business-oriented frameworks in building and construction', Electronic Journal of Information Technology in Construction, no. 4, December [Online]. Available from: http://www.itcon.org/1999/4 (Accessed: 21 May 2004).

9. Website reference Chapter in a Book Pears R. & Shields G. (1995) Cite Them Right: Referencing Made Easy [Online] Northumbria: Northumbria University. Available from: http://www.unn.ac.uk/central/isd/cite/index. htm (Accessed: 21 May 2004).

10. Harvard system You will refer to the references more fully in the text, putting the surname of the author, year of publication and number(s) of page(s) referred to between brackets, e.g., (Shiva 1998:15-17). If this system of citation is used, the references in the reference list (at the end of the report) should be listed in alphabetical order.