1. Muslim World Expands Honors World History (B) Coach Simmons Main ideas: Power and Authority, Cultural interaction, and Empire Building

2. Review Prophet Muhammad Two Types of Muslims (Sunni and Shiite) Sunni and Shia Difference of leadership Five Pillars of Islam 1.Sawm - Fasting 2.Zakah - Penance 3.Salat - Prayer 4.Shahada – Belief 5.Hajj – Journey Three Dynasties: Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal

3. Which pillars do these pictures represent?

4. Ottomans Failing Byzantium Empire, Arabia Osman the first Sultan – leader Mehmed II the conqueror (p.74) Capture of Constantinople Selim would take back the Holy Cities Empire peaks under Suleyman Sunni Muslims

5. Ottoman Decline Suleyman master military strategist Captured vast lands reaching as far North as Austria Suleyman’s janissaries Cultural freedoms in conquered lands Story about the control of the throne (brothers)

6. Review Questions 1.What were several reasons the Ottoman Empire began to decline? 2.Why do Americans not know about the vast Muslim Empires? 3.Does tolerance help or hurt Empires?

7. Cultural Blending Safavid Dynasty is example of cultural blending (p.79 chart) Causes: 1.Trade 2.Conquest 3.Migration 4.Pursuit or freedom/conversation

8. Safavids Ismail was the first shah – leader Shiite sect of Islam, Persia Peaked under Shah Abbas (p.80 chart) Abbas created an artistic heaven in new capital Esfahan Persian design carpets

9. Safavid Decline Same idea of disabling bloodline Power led to corruption Final leader Shah Asfar was assassinated Lack of leadership led to decline of empire

10. Review Questions What are important aspects of prosperous empires? Why is cultural blending important when building an empire? What are the results of cultural blending?

11. The Mughals India – Muslims v. Hindus Babur first great leader (11 years old) Led 12,000 to victory over 100,000 Akbar took throne @ 13 Empire peaked under Akbar Practiced cultural blending Graduated income tax, great social ideas

12. The Mughals Akbar successors Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal Mahal died giving birth to 14 th child Jahan built the Taj Mahal in her honor Jahan obsession led to suffering of the people His son’s led civil war after his death

13. Mughal Decline Loss of resources Over taxation Widespread famine Loss of loyalty The arrival of the Portuguese, Dutch, and English

14. Review Questions 1.What are several ways a leader can demonstrate tolerance? 2.Why are social policies so important to an empire? 3.How did Akbar and Shah Jahan differ in their reigns?