1. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Democracy Challenges to Democracy Increased complexity of issues make it harder for citizens to make decisions. Limited participation in government, especially voting. Escalating campaign costs stop people from running for office. Diverse political interests result into policy gridlock. LO 1.4 To Learning Objectives

2. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman

4. Do Now Get out your essential Questions. Answer the following in your notebook: What makes a good democracy? Try to think of 4-8 elements that are required for it to work.

5. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Democracy Traditional Democratic Theory Democracy is a system in which policy represents and responds to the public’s preferences. Five components of Traditional Democratic Theory are equality in voting, effective participation, enlightened understanding, citizen control of the agenda, and inclusion. LO 1.4 To Learning Objectives

6. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Democracy Three Contemporary Theories of American Democracy Pluralist Theory is a theory of government and policies emphasizing that politics is mainly a competition among groups, each one pressing for its own preferred policies. Groups must bargain and compromise to get policies. LO 1.4 To Learning Objectives

7. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Democracy Three Contemporary Theories of American Democracy (cont.) Hyperpluralism is a theory of government and politics contending that groups are so strong that government is weakened. Confusing and contradictory policies result from politicians trying to placate every group. LO 1.4 To Learning Objectives

8. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Democracy Three Contemporary Theories of American Democracy (cont.) Elite and Class Theory contends that societies are divided along class lines and that an upper-class elite will rule. Policies benefit those with money and power. LO 1.4 To Learning Objectives

9. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman The Policymaking System LO 1.3: Assess how citizens can have an impact on public policy and how policies can impact people. People Shape Policy Policies Impact People To Learning Objectives

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11. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman The Policymaking System People Shape Policy People have interests, problems, and concerns. The four linkage institutions are political parties, elections, mass media, and interest groups. LO 1.3 To Learning Objectives

12. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman The Policymaking System People Shape Policy (cont.) Policy agenda is the issues that attract the serious attention of public officials. The four policymaking institutions are the legislative branch, executive branch, judicial branch, and the bureaucracy. LO 1.3 To Learning Objectives

13. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman The Policymaking System Policies Impact People Public policy is a choice that government makes in response to a political issue. Policy impacts are the effects a policy has on people and problems. LO 1.3 To Learning Objectives

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15. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Entrance Slip List the five elements of the policymaking system. Give at least two examples for each element.

16. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Which of the following is an example of a public good? A.College education B.Automobile insurance C.Home ownership D.National defense LO 1.1 To Learning Objectives

17. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Which of the following is an example of a public good? A.College education B.Automobile insurance C.Home ownership D.National defense LO 1.1 To Learning Objectives

18. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Politics determines who we select as our governmental leaders and policies these leaders pursue. A.who B.what C.when D.how LO 1.2 To Learning Objectives

19. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Politics determines who we select as our governmental leaders and policies these leaders pursue. A.who B.what C.when D.how LO 1.2 To Learning Objectives

20. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman All of the following are considered linkage institutions EXCEPT A.the media. B.interest groups. C.political parties. D.courts. E.elections. LO 1.3 To Learning Objectives

21. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman All of the following are considered linkage institutions EXCEPT A.the media. B.interest groups. C.political parties. D.courts. E.elections. LO 1.3 To Learning Objectives