1. Egypt & Turkey

2. Foreign Control of Egypt  For some 2500 years Egypt was controlled by outsiders.  The last foreign power to govern Egypt was England. The English helped the bankrupt Egyptians complete the Suez Canal in 1869. In 1922 England gave up control and Egypt became a monarchy under King Faud and then his son King Farouk.

3. Gamal Abdel Nasser  In 1952 the former army officer overthrew King Farouk.  His claim to fame was the Aswan High Dam. Egyptians control the flooding of the Nile.

4. Nasser & Sadat  Nasser also gave more rights to Egypt’s women – the right to vote.  After Nasser’s death Anwar Sadat became president. He is known for making peace with Israel. Not all Egyptians approve of the modernization Muslim Brotherhood = wants a Islamic Government…has some links to terrorism.

5. Turkey  After WWI the Ottoman Empire became Turkey.  Mustafa Kemal also known as Ataturk (father of the Turks) became its first president. He modernized the nation & closed all institutions based on Islamic law. Women in Turkey also gained more rights under Ataturk.