2.  Roman Occupation – 55 B.C. – 409 A.D.  Roman conquerors and Julius Caesar  Roads, Hadrian’s Wall  409 A.D. – No government and vulnerability  Anglo-Saxon Invasion 449 A.D.  Angles/Saxons – Germany and Jutes – Denmark  Language and warrior culture  Scops  United under King Alfred the Great

3.  The Spread of Christianity  During Roman occupation  Ireland, missionaries from Rome  Co-existence  Late seventh century  The Norman Invasion  Battle of Hastings

4.  Groups called Britons  Religion – animism or “spirit”  Priests called Druids  Ritual dances  Stonehenge  Mythology  Magic and Imagination  Strong women leaders

5.  Armies and organization  Celtic religion replaced by Christianity  409 A.D. they evacuated troops  Separate clans

6.  Language – England  Celtic influence – Arthur  King Alfred the Great  Unifying religion

7.  1939 – Ship found with treasures  No Barbarians, but not a life of luxury  Loyalty

8.  Emphasis on warfare  Wills found from time period  Powerful religious leaders

9.  Gods as warriors  Woden – god of death, poetry, and magic  Thor – god of thunder and lightning  Dragons - guardians

10.  Storytellers  Not inferior to warriors  Harp  Immortal Verse

11.  Existed along side Anglo Saxon religion  Centers of learning  Preserved Latin and Greek classics as well as works like Beowulf  Monks copied by hand

12.  First great work of English national literature  Traditional motifs  Oral Epic  Only manuscript from 1000  Stories of dream, legend, monsters, weapons, fights with dragons, a hero’s quest, and a saved community