2.  The objective of this task is to develop a mix design procedure for the various types of FDR  Determine what works and what does not work  Each type of FDR has separate mix design

3. ◦ Unstabilized ◦ Mechanically stabilized: add virgin aggregate ◦ Stabilized FDR with Portland Cement ◦ Stabilized FDR with Fly Ash ◦ Stabilized FDR with Asphalt Emulsion ◦ Stabilized FDR with Asphalt Emulsion with 1% Lime ◦ Stabilized FDR with Foamed Asphalt with 1% Portland Cement

4. ◦ Source: Good and Poor ◦ Quality: Dirty and Clean ◦ RAP: 0, 25, 50, and 75%

5. FDR SourceGradation FDR Type UnstabilizedStabilized with PC (3, 5, 7 %) Stabilized with Fly Ash (10, 12, 15 %) Stabilized with Asphalt Emulsion (3, 4.5, 6 %) Stabilized with Asphalt Emulsion (3, 4.5, 6 %)+ Lime Stabilized with Foamed Asphalt (2.5, 3, 3.5 %) + PC Good Clean -Moisture-density -Mr and CBR -Moisture-density - Comp strength -Moisture sensitivity -Moisture-density - Comp strength -Moisture sensitivity -Moisture-Density Superpave Gyratory - Density with Corelok -Moisture sensitivity -Moisture-Density -Superpave Gyratory - Density with Corelok -Moisture sensitivity -Moisture-Density -Superpave Gyratory -Density with Corelok -Moisture sensitivity Dirty SAME Poor Clean SAME Dirty SAME

7.  Strength: ◦ Mr and CBR for unstabilized ◦ UC for cement and fly ash stabilized ◦ TS for foamed and emulsion stabilized  Moisture Susceptibility ◦ Tube Suction and ASTM D559  For cement and fly ash stabilized ◦ AASHTO T-283  for foamed and emulsion stabilized

8.  What works and what does not  What criteria to implement  Repeatability and reliability  Does the measurement make engineering sense

13.  RAP 25 and 50% content did not significantly impact the Mr  The 75% RAP improved the Mr of the Poor source  Relationship between Mr and CBR is un- reliable for FDR: Use Mr

14.  FDR+PC & FDR+FA ◦ Dry UC:300 – 400 psi ◦ Tube Suction:max 9  FDR+Foamed & FDR+Emulsion ◦ Dry TS at 77F:min 30 psi ◦ TS Ratio:min. 70%

15. Material - %Rap%PCDry UC (psi)Tube Suction GC-25%52834.6 GC-50%74074.6 GC-75%74093.9 GD-25%33526.3 GD-50%54135.3 GD-75%73745.9 PC-25%32956.2 PC-50%53794.0 PC-75%52567.1 PD-25%34545.5 PD-50%34213.0 PD-75%54093.6

16.  UC strength between 300 and 400 psi is achievable in most cases  Higher UC with higher PC content in all cases  Variability of the UC test is acceptable  Tube Suction test maybe applicable

18. Material -% Rap%FADry UC (psi)Tube Suction GC-25%128955.1 GC-50%123624.1 GC-75%123354.6 GD-25%1057910.6 GD-50%104127.1 GD-75%123309.2 PC-25%105586.0 PC-50%124046.5 PC-75%123275.7 PD-25%151706.9 PD-50%151599.8 PD-75%15639.2

19.  UC strength between 300 and 400 psi is achievable except for the Poor-Dirty material  Higher UC with higher FA in most cases  Variability of the UC is acceptable  Tube Suction test maybe applicable

21. Material –%Rap%EmulsionDry TS(psi)Wet TS(psi)TSR (%) NO LIME GD-25%4.5411537 GD-50%4.5472043 GD-75%4.5462146 PD-25%4.530Disintegrate PD-50%4.550Disintegrate PD-75%4.551Disintegrate 1% LIME GD-25%4.5452760 GD-50%4.5373286 GD-75%4.5443170 PD-25%4.5221359 PD-50%4.5381745 PD-75%4.5341956

22.  Could not design the clean materials: too little fines  The TS is a good indicator  The repeatability of the TS is very good  Lime was effective

23. Material - %Rap%ACDry TS(psi)Wet TS(psi)TSR (%) GC-25%3.0*534381 GC-50%3.0*514180 GC-75%3.0*584578 GD-25%3.5453476 GD-50%3.5444398 GD-75%3.5514282 PC-25%3.5543259 PC-50%3.5534075 PC-75%3.5483369 PD-25%3.0432660 PD-50%3.0482960 PD-75%3.0553564

24.  Could not design without the PC  The TS is a good indicator  The repeatability of the TS is very good

25.  Be consistent with AASHTO Design Guides ◦ AASHTO 1993 ◦ AASHTO MEPDG

26.  Unstablised:  Resilient modulus (Mr)  FDR+PC & FDR+FA:  Modulus of Rupture (MR)  FDR+Foamed & FDR+Emuslion:  Dynamic Modulus (E*)

30. Material - %Rap%PCDry UC (psi)MR (psi) GC-25%528370 GC-50%7407135 GC-75%7409117 GD-25%335264 GD-50%541386 GD-75%7374122 PC-25%329555 PC-50%537996 PC-75%525695 PD-25%345455 PD-50%342172 PD-75%540979

32. Material - %Rap%FADry UC (psi)MR (psi) GC-25%Rap1289570 GC-50%Rap1236236 GC-75%Rap1233525 GD-25%Rap1057958 GD-50%Rap1041235 GD-75%Rap1233025 PC-25%Rap10558 PC-50%Rap1240428 PC-75%Rap12327 PD-25%Rap1517023 PD-50%Rap151599 PD-75%Rap156348

34.  |E*| master curve: Modulus of HMA at any combination of loading rate & temperature. Time Stress Strain Time time shift =  /   =  0 sin(ωt)  =  0 sin(ωt-  ) 00 00 |E*| = σ 0 /ε 0 34