1. China and Spain Compared

2. CHINA Collapse of imperial China (Pu Yi!) -weak republic 1911 Revolution in the countryside – Yanan Soviet Political assassination - murder of communists in Shanghai No experience of democracy or compromise politics Role of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek – a nationalist anti communist Marxism – CCPComintern – Otto Braun Economics – inflation 1946-48 – destablised the middle class SPAIN Collapse of autocratic monarchy (Alfonso XIII) – democracy had shallow roots Collectivisation and land seizures – esp in Catalonia Assassinations led to army coup in 1936failure of parliamentary politics 1931-36 Role of General Franco – a nationalist anti communist Marxism – Spanish Communist PartyComintern – creation of Popular Front Economics - Great Depression 1929-36 – destablised society

3. CHINA GMD was not traditionalist or monarchist – a left wing party that moved to the right Role of peasants Role of Japan and WWII Religion played a minor role Role of regional warlords – fragmented China Failure of USA to broker peace after WWII Chinese communism was more independent than Spanish communism – Mao Role of USSR in the north of China after WWII SPAIN Anarchism and POUM in Catalonia Large working class and mass trade unions Role of German/Italian support for Nationalists Monarchists Regionalism – Basques and Catalans Catholicism vs anti-clericalism Officer corps highly traditionalist Role of the professional army

4. International- Social – Political – Economic - Religious - Military –