1. Understanding Verbals A verbal is a verb that is being used as another part of speech rather than a verb.

2. There are three types of Verbals Participles Gerunds Infinitives Examples –The frightened cat scratched my eye. –Running seems tiresome at first. –Sometimes I like to swing and sometimes I like to slide at the park. Participles Gerunds Infinitives Examples –The frightened cat scratched my eye. –Running seems tiresome at first. –Sometimes I like to swing and sometimes I like to slide at the park.

3. Verbals A verbal is a verb that is being used as another part of speech rather than a verb. Examples –The frightened cat scratched my eye. –Running seems tiresome at first. –Sometimes I like to swing and sometimes I like to slide at the park. A verbal is a verb that is being used as another part of speech rather than a verb. Examples –The frightened cat scratched my eye. –Running seems tiresome at first. –Sometimes I like to swing and sometimes I like to slide at the park. Participle Gerund Infinitive

4. Participles A participle is a verbal that acts as an adjective. –The crying woman left the movie theater. –The frustrated child ran away from home. A participle is a verbal that acts as an adjective. –The crying woman left the movie theater. –The frustrated child ran away from home.

5. Participles A participle is a form of a verb that acts as an adjective. –The crying woman left the movie theater. –The frustrated child ran away from home. A participle is a form of a verb that acts as an adjective. –The crying woman left the movie theater. –The frustrated child ran away from home.

6. Past or Present Participles Participles ending in an “ing” are Present Participles Participles ending in an “ed” are Past Participles Participles ending in an “ing” are Present Participles Participles ending in an “ed” are Past Participles

7. Identify the Participles in the following sentences Sometimes my gurgling stomach keeps me from concentrating While sleeping with the TV on, the tormented child dreamt of monsters. Screaming adults tend to be very impatient. Sometimes my gurgling stomach keeps me from concentrating While sleeping with the TV on, the tormented child dreamt of monsters. Screaming adults tend to be very impatient.

8. What is a partiipial phrase? It begins with the participle (-ing or –ed word acting as an adjective) and also contains other related words…prepositional phrase, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, adverbs.

9. Your Turn To Identify Participial Phrases- Tackled on the one-yard line, Sam fumbled the ball.

10. Gerunds A gerund is a verbal that acts as a noun. -Running is great exercise -Most people enjoy eating. A gerund is a verbal that acts as a noun. -Running is great exercise -Most people enjoy eating.

11. Gerunds A gerund is a verbal that acts as a noun. (always end in “ing”) -Running is great exercise -Most people enjoy eating. A gerund is a verbal that acts as a noun. (always end in “ing”) -Running is great exercise -Most people enjoy eating.

12. Identify the Gerunds in the following sentences Talking is a disruptive activity. My son loves playing with his toy dinosaur. The doctor gave studying all of his attention. Talking is a disruptive activity. My son loves playing with his toy dinosaur. The doctor gave studying all of his attention.

13. Gerund Phrases A gerund phrase is a group of words that includes a gerund and other words that complete its meaning. Ex. Kicking the ball takes skill. Ex. A team tries scoring a touchdown. A touchdown results from moving the ball across the goal. A gerund phrase is a group of words that includes a gerund and other words that complete its meaning. Ex. Kicking the ball takes skill. Ex. A team tries scoring a touchdown. A touchdown results from moving the ball across the goal.

14. Infinitives An infinitive is a Verbal that appears with the word “to” and acts as a noun, adjective, or adverb –2 types of infinitives Present infinitive (only “to” + verb) Perfect infinitive (“to have” or “to have been” + past tense version of the verb) An infinitive is a Verbal that appears with the word “to” and acts as a noun, adjective, or adverb –2 types of infinitives Present infinitive (only “to” + verb) Perfect infinitive (“to have” or “to have been” + past tense version of the verb)

15. Infinitive examples Present –I like to debate. –To play with matches is wrong. Perfect –I would have liked to read the paper. –To have been mentioned would have been enough. Present –I like to debate. –To play with matches is wrong. Perfect –I would have liked to read the paper. –To have been mentioned would have been enough.

16. Infinitive Phrases An infinitive phrase begins with the infinitive (starts with “to”) and includes all of its modifiers. Example: To get a medical degree is her goal. An infinitive phrase begins with the infinitive (starts with “to”) and includes all of its modifiers. Example: To get a medical degree is her goal.

17. Appositives 1.They are a noun or pronoun 2.They are placed beside another noun or pronoun to identify or describe it 3.They give us extra information about the noun or pronoun 1.They are a noun or pronoun 2.They are placed beside another noun or pronoun to identify or describe it 3.They give us extra information about the noun or pronoun

18. Appositive Phrase The teacher, Mrs. Baucum, was the most interesting person I have ever met. See! Mrs. Baucum is a noun It’s modifying “teacher” (noun) It’s placed beside the noun or pronoun it’s modifying And it’s giving us extra information! The teacher, Mrs. Baucum, was the most interesting person I have ever met. See! Mrs. Baucum is a noun It’s modifying “teacher” (noun) It’s placed beside the noun or pronoun it’s modifying And it’s giving us extra information!

19. Identify the verbals in the following sentences and identify them as a participle, a gerund or an infinitive. Meditating on positive ideas brings great physical health. The explorer struggled to find the remote colony. The heated pool is great for sore muscles Meditating on positive ideas brings great physical health. The explorer struggled to find the remote colony. The heated pool is great for sore muscles