1. Modern Era Begins

2. Vocabulary Industrialization – the making of products from natural resources Petroleum – a thick, oily liquid found deep in the earth, used in a natural or refined state as fuel Prohibition – a national movement to ban the manufacture, sale, transportation, or use of alcoholic beverages Progressivism – social reform movement based on improving society through the power of the government Suffrage – the right to vote

3. Galveston Hurricane September 1900 6000 people died Largest natural disaster in US history US Army Corps of Engineers built a seawall and raised the city 10’ with sand

4. Oil Boom Demand for kerosene grew Provided better light than candles Also provided fuel for home heating and to power trains First refinery was in Corsicana

5. Spindletop Spindletop hill was located south of Beaumont Oil field found 1100 feet underground in 1901 Once penetrated the gusher flowed nonstop for 9 days Oil field produced more oil than all other Texas oil wells combined

6. Boomtowns Oil operators moved into towns around Beaumont Sour Lake, Saratoga, Batson, and Humble quadrupled in population over 4 months Baytown became the largest refinery in the world

7. Houston Grows Houston became the center of the oil industry Already had a well developed railroad Allowed oil companies to safely transport oil across the country Built the Houston ship canal to allow larger boats to also transport oil

8. Lumber Booms in East Texas Oil boom needed lumber to build derricks, houses, and stores Camden, Kirbyville, and Diboll were founded by lumber workers Led to the establishment of workers compensation – Job related injuries paid for by companies

9. Dallas Grows Most Eastern companies wanted a western office and chose Dallas because of the rail system Dallas became the leading retail city in Texas – Neiman-Marcus, Sears Became a white-collar city – Lawyers, bankers, accountants, business executives

10. Assignment Create a chart that lists three oil fields and nearby towns Use the map on page 461 as a reference Oil FieldNearby Town