1. Nature of Science Study Guide Review

2. The steps scientists take to create, test, and prove a hypothesis

3. Something that can be expressed in numbers Ex: time, temperature, mass, distance, volume

4. Something that includes a description Ex: sight, sound, smell, color, hard, soft

5. a logical conclusion drawn from the available evidence and prior knowledge

6. A tentative explanation for an observation that can be tested by further investigation

7. an organized procedure used to prove a hypothesis

8. the group that stays the same in the experiment; never changes. Is the “normal”

9. the group that you change in the experiment

10. the factor that I change in the experiment

11. the factor that you measure to gather results in the experiment

13. What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative observation?  Quanitative = numbers  Qualitative = description

14. Identify each statement as qualitative or quantitative.  The building is taller than the tree.

15. Identify each statement as qualitative or quantitative.  The sidewalk is long.

16. Identify each statement as qualitative or quantitative.  The temperature outside is 95 F.

17. Identify each statement as qualitative or quantitative.  It is warm outside.

18. Identify each statement as qualitative or quantitative.  The tree is 30 feet tall.

19. Identify each statement as qualitative or quantitative.  The building has 25 stories.

20. Identify each statement as an inference or an observation.  The container is filled to the 350 mL mark with water.

21. Identify each statement as an inference or an observation.  The caterpillar did not eat the moth because it is a butterfly.

22. Identify each statement as an inference or an observation.  The sun rose at 6:54 am this morning.

23. Identify each statement as an inference or an observation.  When the sun came out it made the rain stop.

24. Identify each statement as an inference or an observation.  I can jump high in tennis shoes because they have a rubber bottom

25. Identify each statement as an inference or an observation.  Water can fall to the ground as rain, snow, or hail.

26. Identify each statement as either: question, hypothesis, experiment or conclusion  Rene grew bacteria from the mouth on petri dishes in the lab. She placed different drops of mouthwashes on the bacteria in each plate.

27. Identify each statement as either: question, hypothesis, experiment or conclusion  Justin wondered if dyes could be taken out of plant leaves, flowers, and stems.

28. Identify each statement as either: observation, hypothesis, experiment or conclusion  Angela’s experiment proved that earthworms move away from the light.

29. Identify each statement as either: observation, hypothesis, experiment or conclusion  Stephen predicted that seeds would start to grow faster if an electric current traveled through the soil in which they were planted.

30. What is the correct format for writing a hypothesis?  If I ________________, then ___________ Because ___________________.

31. What is the purpose of a hypothesis?  To explain what we have observed

32. The SI unit for mass is _______________________. What instrument is used to measure mass?  SI unit for mass = gram (g)  Triple beam balance

33. The SI unit for volume is _______________________. What instrument is used to measure volume?  SI unit for volume = liter (L)  Graduated cylinder

34. The SI unit for length is _______________________. What instrument is used to measure length?  SI unit for length = meter (m)  ruler

35. Write the SI prefixes in order from largest to smallest. Kilo Hecto Deca Deci Centi Milli 1000 100 10 0.1 0.01 0.001

36. What are the measurements of each graduated cylinder?

37.  A = 0.5 cm, 5 mm  B = 1.3 cm, 13 mm  C = 2.6 cm, 26 mm  D = 4.1 cm, 41 mm

39. What is the difference between the control group and experimental group?  Control group stays the same; normal  Experimental group changes

40. SpongeBob Clean Pants  SpongeBob noticed that his favorite pants were not as clean as they used to be. His friend Sandy told him that he should try using Clean-O detergent, a new laundry soap she found at Sail-Mart.  SpongeBob made sure to wash one pair of pants in plain water and another pair in water with the Clean-O detergent. After washing both pairs of pants a total of three times, the pants washed in the Clean-O detergent did not appear to be any cleaner than the pants washed in plain water.

41. What was the problem SpongeBob wanted to investigate?  a. Is Clean-O detergent effective?  b. Is the length of time the pants are washed important?  c. How does water temperature affect cleaning pants?  d. Does how often I wash my pants affect how clean they are?

42. What was the problem SpongeBob wanted to investigate?  a. Is Clean-O detergent effective?  b. Is the length of time the pants are washed important?  c. How does water temperature affect cleaning pants?  d. Does how often I wash my pants affect how clean they are?

43. What is the independent variable?  a. Water temperature.  b. Length of wash time.  c. Laundry soap  d. Size of washing tub.

44. What is the independent variable?  a. Water temperature.  b. Length of wash time.  c. Laundry soap  d. Size of washing tub.

45. What is the dependent variable?  a. Appearance of pants  b. Laundry soap  c. Amount of water  d. Length of wash time

46. What is the dependent variable?  a. Appearance of pants  b. Laundry soap  c. Amount of water  d. Length of wash time

47. What should Sponge Bob’s conclusion be?  a. Clean-O best cleans his pants.  b. Plain water best cleans his pants.  c. Cold water best cleans his pants.  d. Clean-O is not effective cleaning his pants.

48. What should Sponge Bob’s conclusion be?  a. Clean-O best cleans his pants.  b. Plain water best cleans his pants.  c. Cold water best cleans his pants.  d. Clean-O is not effective cleaning his pants.