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Where are all of the missing parents? Grandparentage analysis identifies reproductively successful residualized hatchery fish Mark Christie, Melanie Marine.

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Presentation on theme: "Where are all of the missing parents? Grandparentage analysis identifies reproductively successful residualized hatchery fish Mark Christie, Melanie Marine."— Presentation transcript:

1 Where are all of the missing parents? Grandparentage analysis identifies reproductively successful residualized hatchery fish Mark Christie, Melanie Marine Michael Blouin

2 Additional gene flow from hatchery to wild Unknown trout population 60% missing parents Introduction J. McMillan

3 Complete sample of anadromous fish Hood River, winter run Study system

4 S = Steelhead N = Non-anadromous R = Residual hatchery N 1,3 S 5,6 1,61,6 S S R 1,2 S 3,4 1,3 S ? Wild Steelhead

5 ? S 5,6 1,61,6 S Parentage

6 Parentage procedure 1.Correctly identify 1 true parent 2.Ensure 2nd parent is truly missing Incorporated error rates Double check that missing parent was not incorrectly sexed

7 Missing parents

8 BroodyearN Total N No Father N No Mother 1997-20023108753 150 Missing parents H o : N No Father = N No Mother p < 0.001

9 S = Steelhead N = Non-anadromous R = Residual hatchery N 1,3 S 5,6 1,61,6 S S R 1,2 S 3,4 ? Broodstock

10 Grandparentage results

11 Offspring with missing fathers (N=753): 5.2 to 12.88 Percent assigned to hatchery broodstock Offspring with missing mothers (N=150): 12.0 to 20.67 Total (N=903): 6.3 to 14.17 Expected number false matches = 0.003

12 Reproductive Success HatcheryWild Hatchery Trout (Wild) Anadromous Resident 8 448 31 263 G-test of independence : (14) (454)(257) (25) p < 0.03

13 Reproductive Success HatcheryWild Hatchery 612 Trout (Wild) 5791 Anadromous Resident G-test of independence : p = 0.667

14 97- 98 96- 97 95- 96 94- 95 00- 01 99- 00 98- 99 02- 03 01- 02 3% 77% 20% 08- 09 07- 08 06- 07 05- 06 03- 04 04- 05 09- 10 Age at spawning Year broodstock grandparents spawned = Year hatchery residualized fish born Broodyear of grandoffspring = Year hatchery residualized fish spawned

15 Age at spawning Mann-Whitney : P < 0.001

16 Conclusions Grandparentage is an effective tool Residualized hatchery fish do reproduce Trout populations are very important Hatchery residualized males and females 28 % Wild Steelhead have 1 trout and 1 anadromous parent

17 Acknowledgements Hitoshi Araki, William Ardren, Kaitlin Bonner, Becky Cooper, Lyle Curtis, Rod French, John McMillan, Ivan Phillipsen, Catherine Searle, Jeff Stephenson, Oregon State Center for Genome Research and Biotechnology, ODFW staff, and Bonneville Power Administration.

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20 BroodyearN Putative Lower% AssignedFpairsPr(G)Upper% Assigned 1997224104.460.00640.00052712.05 199819784.060.00800.0008189.14 19999266.520.00360.00051819.57 200010421.920.00540.00141211.54 20018778.050.00350.00051314.94 200249612.250.00140.0002918.37 Total753395.180.02830.00399712.88 BroodyearN Putative Lower% AssignedFpairsPr(G)Upper% Assigned 199732412.50.000655.86E-08721.88 199827829.630.000514.90E-081037.04 199926311.540.000807.05E-08519.23 200025000.000564.86E-0828.01 20012428.330.000514.22E-08520.83 20021616.250.000293.33E-08212.5 Total15018120.003323.02E-073120.67 Both Sexes Total903576.310.002640.0003312814.17 Grandparentage results

21 BroodyearN Total N Mother FpairsPr(φ)N No Father 1997-2002310814204.450.023753 BroodyearN total N Father FpairsPr(φ)N No Mother 1997-200231088513.030.020150 Missing parents H o : N = N p < 0.001

22 Identification of hatchery residualized fish Hood River, winter run Study system

23 Grandparentage methods 1 Parent, + Broodstock Matrix No Parents, + Broodstock Matrix No Parents or Broodstock Matrix

24 BroodyearN Total N Mother FpairsPr(φ)N No Father 19977934804.310.009224 19986702882.480.009197 19994901562.940.01992 20004651977.200.037104 20013911785.410.03087 20022991214.530.03749 BroodyearN Total N Father FpairsPr(φ)N No Mother 19977932632.680.01032 19986701031.150.01127 19994901071.970.01826 20004651424.930.03525 20013911383.830.02824 2002299983.910.04016

25 Grandparentage methods Broodyear of SteelheadExpected #Actual # w/ missing fathersfalse trios 19971.662 19982.082 19990.941 20001.412 20010.90 20020.360 All years7.357 Broodyear of SteelheadExpected #Actual # w/ missing mothersfalse trios 19970.170 19980.131 19990.210 20000.140 20010.130 20020.080 All years0.861

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