1. Graphic Communication Signs & Symbols

2. Signs n Signs are used to convey information in pictorial form. n This has many advantages over written instructions. n People who talk different languages can understand the same common signs. n Instructions for some tasks can be clearer when given as drawings.

3. Signs & Symbols n Signs & symbols are commonly used in everyday situations. n Roadsigns, information, engineering symbols, flow charts and circuit diagrams are types of drawings that you will need to know about for your exams.

4. Signs n There are different families of signs. n These are: –mandatory signs –prohibition signs –warning signs –safety signs –danger signs

5. Signs - Mandatory signs n These signs are blue in colour. n They give a positive instruction. In other words they tell you what to do rather than what not to do. Turn left

6. Signs - Prohibition signs n These signs are circular with a line across the circle. n They are red in colour.

7. Signs - Warning signs n These signs are yellow. n They are normally triangular but can be other shapes.

8. Signs - Safe Condition signs n These signs tell people of safe places to go or safe conditions.

9. Signs - Firefighting signs n These signs identify the location of fire- fighting equipment

10. Signs - Danger Identification signs n These signs warn people of dangerous situations. n Commonly found on roadsigns and the back of long vehicles.

11. Signs - General Information FragileRecycleMaleFemale Disabled BSI Kitemark Hazard Warning This way up Keep dry Safety Mark

12. Flow Charts n A Flow Chart is a method of showing the correct steps to follow in order to complete some type of problem. n This is done using the following symbols ProcessDecision Start/Stop Input/Output

13. Flow Charts n An example of a flow chart for a pelican crossing is shown: Start Has button been pushed? Amber light on Red light on Amber light flash Red light off Wait 2 Wait 10 Wait 5 Green light on Yes No

14. Storyboards n Storyboards give step by step instructions on how to operate something using pictures to illustrate what is to be done at each stage.

15. Circuit Diagrams batterybulb electric bell microphone loudspeaker junctionscross-oversswitch n When electrical circuits are designed, standard symbols are used to show what the different components are. n These symbols are drawn to British Standards.

16. Drawing Symbols - Projection n In the UK orthographic drawings are drawn in Third Angle Projection. n The 3rd Angle Projection symbol is shown below. n This is normally included on a drawing to tell people the standard it is drawn in.

17. Drawing Symbols - Linetypes n Different line types used include: –outlines –projection lines –hidden detail –centre lines –fold lines –cutting planes X X

18. Building Symbols n Engineers need to use symbols to show the different materials used in building a house. n This is law as when submitting planning permission a company must be able to prove the quality of the houses or buildings they want to build.

19. Building Symbols n These are some common symbols that you will need to remember. BathSink top Sink Washbasin Shower tray Radiator

20. Building Symbols n These are some common symbols that you will need to remember. In-line valve (any type) Window Sawn wood Door Junctions Crossover

21. Building Symbols n These are some common symbols that you will need to remember. Lamp Insulation Switch Socket Brickwork Concrete

22. Building drawings n A number of different drawings are required to be completed and submitted to the local authorities when developers want to build new buildings. n This group of drawings is called a Project Set. elevations sketches sectional drawings schematic diagrams location plans site plans floor plans

23. Project Set n Elevations, sketches and sectional drawings are required to view the actual building. n Schematic diagrams are used by tradesmen to install any electrical circuit work or plumbing and heating. n Schematic diagrams use British Standards symbols covered in these slides.

24. Location Plan n This type of drawing shows the position of the new building in its surrounding area. n It is as if you are looking at the building from an aeroplane above. n It is normally drawn to a scale of 1:1250.

25. Location Plans n This is an example of a block plan. Albany Terrace Albany Drive Albany Road

26. Site Plans n This type of drawing shows the building from closer in than a Block Plan. n It shows the building in its immediate surrounding area. n It is normally drawn at a scale of 1:200.

27. Site Plans n This is an example of a site plan. Glenisla Drive 7 8.5 5 2 12.5

28. Floor Plans n This type of drawing shows the internal layout of a building including the materials used in the walls. n Any electrical appliances fitted will also be drawn like, radiators, electrical sockets and switches. n This type of drawing is normally drawn at a scale of 1:50.

29. Floor Plans n This is an example of a floor plan.