1. Proposal Presentation Inferring Geographic proximity of the Internet Node using a Compound Metric M. Kamran Nishat

2. Motivation Much focus of location-aware services Targeted advertising Event notification Territorial rights management Network diagnostics Location aware P2P systems Location aware Ubiquitous system

3. Goals of the Project Review the Literature Identification of Pros and Corns of different techniques Try develop a new scheme which will estimate Geographical proximity between two Internet nodes.

4. Literature review in the project Techniques for geographic mapping of the Internet hosts Study latency based virtual coordinate system Techniques to estimate network latencies Bandwidth measurement techniques

5. Techniques for Geographic Mapping Determine location of closest router with a recognizable DNS name Exploiting the correlation between delay and geographical distances Geographic locality of IP prefixes can be useful to cluster IP’s according to there prefixes

6. Latency Measurement Techniques Requirement of end hosts to agree upon a set of reference points. Estimates are based on direct online measurements rather than offline extrapolation. Scalability both in terms of the number of hosts that can be measured and in terms of the number of hosts performing measurements.

7. Virtual Network Coordinate System Basic idea is to get the ability to predict round-trip times to other hosts without having to contact them first. Vivaldi GNP

8. Difference between Capacity and Available BW CAPACITY The capacity of a path, a.k.a. bottleneck bandwidth, is the maximum IP-layer throughput that a flow can get in the network path from a sender S to a receiver R. The capacity does not depend on the load of the path.

9. Capacity Capacity of a path C=C1

10. Available Bandwidth Available bandwidth of a path is A

11. BW estimation tools Pathrate: It uses Packet-pairs and Packet- trains (a.k.a. `packet dispersion' methods) Pathload: It sends a periodic stream of UDP packet at a rate higher than the available bandwidth.

12. Problems with IP prefix approach Updating of the IP prefix to location mapping database continuously Doesn’t give good estimation for some unusual type of hosts (IVS based)

13. Q & A