2. PREDICTING CHEMICAL REACTIONS :

3. Single displacement Reactions: Mg(s) + ZnCl 2 (aq) → Zn(s)+ MgCl 2 (aq) The most reactive element (Mg) will replace the least reactive element (Zn) in a compound.

4. Single displacement Reactions: Mg(s) + ZnCl 2 (aq) → Zn(s)+ MgCl 2 (aq) The most reactive element (Mg) will replace the least reactive element (Zn) in a compound. See Activity Series of metals

5. Activity Series of Metals: Name Symbol Name Symbol Lithium Li Potassium K Calcium Ca Sodium Na Magnesium Mg Barium Ba Aluminum Al Zinc Zn Iron Fe Nickel Ni Tin Sn Lead Pb (Hydrogen) (H)* Copper Cu Silver Ag Platinum Pt Gold Au All replace the H in water forming the metal hydroxide + H 2 (g). Halogens: Reactivity decreases Fluorine F Chlorine Cl Bromine Br Iodine I

6. EXERCISE: Predict if the following reactions will occur. If yes, complete the chemical balanced equation : 1) Ca(s) + ZnCl 2 (aq) → 2) Fe(s) + KOH(aq) → 3) HCl(aq) + Zn(s) → 4) HCl(aq) + Cu(s) →

7. EXERCISE: Predict if the following reactions will occur. If yes, complete the chemical balanced equation: 1) Ca(s) + ZnCl 2 (aq) → CaCl 2 (aq) + Zn(s) 2) Fe(s) + NaOH(aq) → 3) HCl(aq) + Zn(s) → 4) HCl(aq) + Cu(s) →

8. EXERCISE: Predict if the following reactions will occur. If yes, complete the chemical balanced equation : 1) Ca(s) + ZnCl 2 (aq) → CaCl 2 (aq) + Zn(s) 2) Fe(s) + NaOH(aq) → N/R 3) HCl(aq) + Zn(s) → 4) HCl(aq) + Cu(s) →

9. EXERCISE: Predict if the following reactions will occur. If yes, complete the chemical balanced equation : 1) Ca(s) + ZnCl 2 (aq) → CaCl 2 (aq) + Zn(s) 2) Fe(s) + NaOH(aq) → N/R 3) HCl(aq) + Zn(s) → 4) HCl(aq) + Cu(s) →

10. EXERCISE: Predict if the following reactions will occur. If yes, complete the chemical balanced equation : 1) Ca(s) + ZnCl 2 (aq) → CaCl 2 (aq) + Zn(s) 2) Fe(s) + NaOH(aq) → N/R 3) HCl(aq) + Zn(s) → ZnCl 2 (aq) + H 2 (g) 4) HCl(aq) + Cu(s) →

11. EXERCISE: Predict if the following reactions will occur. If yes, complete the chemical balanced equation : 1) Ca(s) + ZnCl 2 (aq) → CaCl 2 (aq) + Zn(s) 2) Fe(s) + NaOH(aq) → No 3) 2HCl(aq) + Zn(s) → ZnCl 2 (aq) + H 2 (g) 4) HCl(aq) + Cu(s) →

12. EXERCISE: Predict if the following reactions will occur. If yes, complete the chemical balanced equation : 1) Ca(s) + ZnCl 2 (aq) → CaCl 2 (aq) + Zn(s) 2) Fe(s) + NaOH(aq) → No 3) 2HCl(aq) + Zn(s) → ZnCl 2 (aq) + H 2 (g) 4) HCl(aq) + Cu(s) → N/R

13. A halogen can also replace another halogen from a compound: The activity of halogens decreases as you go down Group 7A of the periodic table ( F, Cl, Br, & I). Br 2 (aq) + 2NaI(aq) → * Bromine is more active than iodine, so the reaction occurs. Br 2 (aq) + NaCl(aq) → * But bromine is less active than chlorine, so this reaction does not occur. NaBr(aq)+ I 2 (aq) 2 N/R

14. Double displacement Reactions 2KI(aq) + Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → PbI 2 (s)+ 2KNO 3 (aq) They generally take place in aqueous solution and often produce a precipitate, a gas, a liquid, or a molecular compound such as water.

15. Double displacement Reactions 2KI(aq) + Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → PbI 2 (s)+ 2KNO 3 (aq) They generally take place in aqueous solution and often produce a precipitate, a gas, a liquid, or a molecular compound such as water. KCl(aq) + AgNO 3 (aq) → NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → HCI(aq) + CaCO 3 (s) → Examples:

16. Double displacement Reactions 2KI(aq) + Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → PbI 2 (s)+ 2KNO 3 (aq) They generally take place in aqueous solution and often produce a precipitate, a gas, a liquid, or a molecular compound such as water. KCl(aq) + AgNO 3 (aq) → AgCl(s)+ KNO 3 (aq) NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → HCI(aq) + CaCO 3 (s) → Examples:

17. Double displacement Reactions 2KI(aq) + Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → PbI 2 (s)+ 2KNO 3 (aq) They generally take place in aqueous solution and often produce a precipitate, a gas, a liquid, or a molecular compound such as water. KCl(aq) + AgNO 3 (aq) → AgCl(s)+ KNO 3 (aq) NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq)+ H 2 O(l) HCI(aq) + CaCO 3 (s) → Examples:

18. Double displacement Reactions 2KI(aq) + Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → PbI 2 (s)+ 2KNO 3 (aq) They generally take place in aqueous solution and often produce a precipitate, a gas, a liquid, or a molecular compound such as water. KCl(aq) + AgNO 3 (aq) → AgCl(s)+ KNO 3 (aq) NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq)+ H 2 O(l) HCI(aq) + CaCO 3 (s) → CaCI 2 (aq)+ H 2 O(l)+ CO 2 (g) Examples:

19. Double displacement Reactions 2KI(aq) + Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → PbI 2 (s)+ 2KNO 3 (aq) They generally take place in aqueous solution and often produce a precipitate, a gas, a liquid, or a molecular compound such as water. KCl(aq) + AgNO 3 (aq) → AgCl(s)+ KNO 3 (aq) NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq)+ H 2 O(l) 2HCI(aq) + CaCO 3 (s) → CaCI 2 (aq)+ H 2 O(l)+ CO 2 (g) Examples:

20. Exercise: Predict and complete: 1) Zn(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → 2) Cu(s) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → 3) NaOH(aq) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → 4) KCl(aq) + Mg(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) →

21. 1)Zn(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Yes (Zn is more reactive than Cu) 2) Cu(s) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → 3) NaOH(aq) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → 4) KCl(aq) + Mg(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) →

22. 1)Zn(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Yes (Zn is more reactive than Cu) Zn(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + Cu(s) 2) Cu(s) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → 3) NaOH(aq) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → 4) KCl(aq) + Mg(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) →

23. 1)Zn(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Yes (Zn is more reactive than Cu) Zn(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + Cu(s) 2) Cu(s) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → NO (Cu is less reactive than Zn) 3) NaOH(aq) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → 4) KCl(aq) + Mg(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) →

24. 1)Zn(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Yes (Zn is more reactive than Cu) Zn(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + Cu(s) 2) Cu(s) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → NO (Cu is less reactive than Zn) 3) NaOH(aq) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Yes ( Zn(OH) 2 is insoluble) 4) KCl(aq) + Mg(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) →

25. 1)Zn(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Yes (Zn is more reactive than Cu) Zn(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + Cu(s) 2) Cu(s) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → NO (Cu is less reactive than Zn) 3) NaOH(aq) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Yes ( Zn(OH) 2 is insoluble) NaOH(aq) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → NaNO 3 (aq) + Zn(OH) 2 (s) 4) KCl(aq) + Mg(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) →

26. 1)Zn(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Yes (Zn is more reactive than Cu) Zn(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + Cu(s) 2) Cu(s) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → NO (Cu is less reactive than Zn) 3) NaOH(aq) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Yes ( Zn(OH) 2 is insoluble) NaOH(aq) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → 2NaNO 3 (aq) + Zn(OH) 2 (s) 4) KCl(aq) + Mg(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) →

27. 1)Zn(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Yes (Zn is more reactive than Cu) Zn(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + Cu(s) 2) Cu(s) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → NO (Cu is less reactive than Zn) 3) NaOH(aq) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Yes ( Zn(OH) 2 is insoluble) 2NaOH(aq) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → 2NaNO 3 (aq) + Zn(OH) 2 (s) 4) KCl(aq) + Mg(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) →

28. 1)Zn(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Yes (Zn is more reactive than Cu) Zn(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + Cu(s) 2) Cu(s) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → NO (Cu is less reactive than Zn) 3) NaOH(aq) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Yes ( Zn(OH) 2 is insoluble) 2NaOH(aq) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → 2NaNO 3 (aq) + Zn(OH) 2 (s) 4) KCl(aq) + Mg(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → NO (no precipitate, liquid or gas is. formed).