1. Warmup 2/4/16 It's said that you can't kill yourself by holding your breath. Do you agree? Why or why not? Objective Tonight’s Homework To learn how the physical process of breathing works pp 535: 1, 2, 3

2. Notes on Respiration Lung Volumes Breathing in is called “inspiration” Breathing out is called “expiration” Breathe out as much as you possibly can and there is still air in your lungs. This is called the residual volume and is about 1 L of air. Breathe out normally, and before you take a breath, there’s more air in your lungs. We call this the expiratory reserve and it’s about 1 L more than the residual volume.

3. Notes on Respiration Breathe in normally and you have what’s called the tidal volume. This is about ½ L more than the expiratory reserve. Finally, breathe in as much as you possibly can and you have the inspiratory reserve. This is about 3 L more than the tidal volume.

4. Notes on Respiration Breathe in normally and you have what’s called the tidal volume. This is about ½ L more than the expiratory reserve. Finally, breathe in as much as you possibly can and you have the inspiratory reserve. This is about 3 L more than the tidal volume. All together, the volume of air in your lungs can fluctuate by about 6 L, and is called the total lung capacity. You can increase this capacity through exercise.

5. Notes on Respiration Oxygenation How does oxygen get into the blood? Thin capillaries wrap around each alveoli so each blood cell is exposed to as much oxygen as possible. As the oxygen contacts the blood, it binds with an iron rich compound called hemoglobin. Each red blood cell can hold 4 oxygen.

6. Notes on Respiration The hemoglobin holds on to the oxygen only loosely, so that it can release it easily later. Additionally, there are other chemicals that can bind with hemoglobin. Carbon monoxide binds 1,000 times more easily. Once it is bound, it pretty much never releases, keeping your blood from being able to get oxygen.

7. Notes on Respiration The hemoglobin holds on to the oxygen only loosely, so that it can release it easily later. Additionally, there are other chemicals that can bind with hemoglobin. Carbon monoxide binds 1,000 times more easily. Once it is bound, it pretty much never releases, keeping your blood from being able to get oxygen. After being used, your blood contains CO 2, which is usually transported as carbonate dissolved in the blood fluid. As this passes by alveoli, the CO 2 is released into the lung to be breathed out.

8. Lung Capacity Lab Tomorrow we’re going to do a lab on lung capacity. In this lab, you’ll need to measure: Expiratory reserve (ER)Tidal volume (TD) Inspiratory reserve (IR) Your residual volume (RV) will be calculated using the following formula: Men: RV = IR * 24% Women: RV = IR * 24% You’ll be measuring all of these with a balloon, some string, and a ruler. Recall that volume is (4/3)∏r 3. With each measurement, you’ll be measuring the total volume of your lungs at that level. Start with IR. Record the number. Get RV from it. Then add RV to all other measurements (including IR) to get the real volume.

9. Exit Question What is the "residual volume"? a) The amount left after you breathe out a normal breath. b) The amount left after you breathe out as hard as possible. c) The amount left after breathing in as much as possible. d) The amount left after breathing in a normal breath. e) All of the above f) None of the above