1. Welcome! The Topic For Today Is…STE Sec 4

2. Your Topic ToxicologyChargesStoicheometryQ= mc  T Physics 200 400 600 800 1000 Bonus Question: 5000 pts

3. Topic 1: 200 Question: What is the difference between a toxic and a lethal dose? What year did the Great Depression begin Answer A toxic dose is the amount in mg of substance per kg of weight that causes illness. A lethal dose is the concentration that kills.

4. Topic 1: 400 Question: Calculate the LD 50 in each of the following cases. Express in mg/kg. A dose of 1500 mg of salt killed 50% of 5000 g rabbits. Answer 1500 mg/5 kg = 300 mg/kg

5. Topic 1: 600 Question: A 75 kg man was killed because in drinking 1000g of booze, he experienced a LD 50 for alcohol. The booze was 53% alcohol. Answer 0.53*1000 000 mg/75kg = 7066 mg/kg

6. Topic 1: 800 Question: How many 500 mg vitamin tablets would a 100 kg patient have to swallow in order to experience a lethal dose if the LD 50 is 11.9 g/kg? Answer 11.9 g/kg * 100 kg = 1190 g 1190g/ 0.5 g/tablet = 2380 tablets

7. Topic 1: 1000 Question: A certain type of green algae have a cadmium concentration of 0.10 parts per million. But an analysis of the algae reveals that the concentration of cadmium contaminant in the water is 0.01 ppm. Calculate the BCF factor. Answer 0.10/0.01 = 10

8. Topic 2: 200 Question: What ion formed from an element of the fourth shell (4th period) is found in seashells? Answer Ca+2

9. Topic 2: 400 Question: Describe an experiment that you could do to help you prove that a hydrogen ion does not have the same chemical properties as a neutral hydrogen molecule Answer Add blue litmus to acid(has hydrogen ion). The litmus will turn red. Place blue litmus in hydrogen gas. Nothing will occur.

10. Topic 2: 600 Question: Explain why +1 is the common ion for alkali metals. Answer They all have 1 loose valence electron.

11. Topic 2: 800 Question: I am an element that likes to form the -1 ion, and I have the smallest nucleus among the members of my family. What am I? Answer Fluoride

12. Topic 2: 1000 Question: Explain why fluorine forms diatomic molecules. Answer By having 9 protons but only two shells, each F nucleus has enough force to pull in an electron from the other. The result is that the shared electrons act as a bond.

13. Topic 3: 200 Question: Convert the following: 300 g of Mg = __________moles Answer 300 g (mole/24 g) = 12.5 moles

14. Topic 3: 400 Question: Convert the following 6 moles of O 2 = ________molecules Answer 6 moles (6.02 X 1023 molecules/mole) = 3.6 X 1024 molecules

15. Topic 3: 600 Question: Monty Mole found a mole of gold. If gold sells for $28 US per gram in Dec 2008, what is the value of Monty’s mole of gold? Answer 1 mole Au = 197 g 197 g($28/g) = $ 5516 US

16. Topic 3: 800 Question: How many moles of water will be produced if 5 moles of ammonia, NH 3(g), react Answer 5 moles NH 3 (6 H 2 O/ 4 NH 3(g)) ) =7.5 molesH 2 O

17. Topic 3: 1000 Question: How many grams of oxygen react with every 1.0 gram of NH 3(g)? Answer 0.074 moles O 2 (32 g/mole) = 2.35 g O

18. Topic 4: 200 Question: An average sized banana (118 g) yields 454.300 kJ of heat when burnt to a crisp. If you managed to transfer all of the heat to a cup of water ( 250 g) at 20 oC, how warm would the water get? Answer Specific heat of water = 4190 J (kg C) or 4.19 J (g C) Q = mc  T 454 300 J = 250 g(4.19 J/(g oC)(x – 20) x = 454 oC (That temperature will never be obtained for water---it’ll boil off first, which means that a cup of water is too small to absorb all the heat.)

19. Topic 4: 400 Question: You want to cool 1000 kg of water at 40o C to a comfortable 32o C with only 258 L of water. How cold should that 258 L be, assuming that no heat is lost to the surroundings ? Answer Density of water: 1.0 kg/L -Qhot = Qcold -1 000 000(4.19)(32-40) = 258 000(4.19)(32-x) -1000(-8) = 258(32 - x) 8000/258 = 32 – x x = 32 -8000/258 x= 1 o C

20. Topic 4: 600 Question: How much energy in joules is used by the heating element of the coffee maker during this period? Answer E = VIt V=IR, so I =V/R=120/20 = 120 J/C(120/20)C/s(15*60 s) = 648 000 J

21. Topic 4: 800 Question: A series circuit with three light bulbs has voltage drops of 1.2 V, 1.4 V and 1.4 V. The ammeter measures 0.50 A. What is the wattage of the bulb that consumes the least energy? Answer P = VI = 1.2J/C(0.50 C/s) = 0.6 J/s = 0. 6 W.

22. Topic 4: 1000 Question: A series circuit with three light bulbs has voltage drops of 1.2 V, 1.4 V and 1.4 V. The ammeter measures 0.50 A. How much energy is used by all three bulbs every hour they’re turned on? Answer V t = 1.2+1.4+1.4= 4.0 V E = VIt=4(0.5)(3600 s) = 7200 J

23. Topic 5: 200 Question: The effective force is in the direction of the acceleration. If the 35 N force is applied at angle of 27o, calculate the effective force. Answer F effective /35 = cos 27 F effective = 35 cos 27 = 31.2 N

24. Topic 5: 400 Question: The effective force is in the direction of the acceleration. If the 35 N force is applied at angle of 27o, calculate the effective force. What is the vertical component of the 35 N force? Answer F effective /35 = sin 27 F effective = 35 sin 27 = 15.9 N

25. Topic 5: 600 Question: The effective force is in the direction of the acceleration. If the 35 N force is applied at angle of 27o, calculate the effective force. Find the combined weight of the girl and the sled if the combined mass is 30 kg. Answer Weight =F g = mg =(30 kg)(9.8m/s2)= 294 N

26. Topic 5: 800 Question: The effective force is in the direction of the acceleration. If the 35 N force is applied at angle of 27o, calculate the effective force. Why doesn’t the sled lift up? Answer 294 N > 15.9 N(the vertical component)

27. Topic 5: 1000 Question: Calculate the skier’s effective force as he is pulled downhill. Answer sin Feffective/Fg 2 sin 12 = F effective /(75 kg*9.8m/s ) F effective =75 kg*9.8m/s2)sin12 =152.8 N

28. The Winner Of The Last Round Write Down How Much Money You Are Willing To Risk If You get the Question write you win that money If you get it wrong you Loss the money!

29. The Winner Of The Last Round Write Down How Much Money You Are Willing To Risk If You get the Question write you win that money If you get it wrong you Loss the money!