2. What does it mean to dissolve? Bell Ringer 9.30.14

3. Solubility

4. a homogeneous mixture that contains a solvent and at least one solute a homogeneous mixture that contains a solvent and at least one solute the molecules in a solution are mixed up in a completely even distribution the molecules in a solution are mixed up in a completely even distribution Example: What are some homogeneous mixtures? Example: What are some homogeneous mixtures?

5. Our favorite example:

6. Two parts of a solution: Solute Solute Solvent Solvent

7. the part of a solution that is dissolved in another substance. the part of a solution that is dissolved in another substance.

8. the substance (usually liquid) capable of dissolving the other substances. the substance (usually liquid) capable of dissolving the other substances.

9. Water is known as the universal solvent !

10. Solutions have the same properties throughout. The solute enters the solvent and distributes evenly. (Is that homogeneous or heterogeneous?)

11. Some examples of solutions: SoluteSolventSolution Gas Air (Oxygen and other gases in nitrogen) GasLiquidSoda water (Carbon dioxide in water) Liquid Antifreeze (ethylene glycol in water) SolidLiquidDental filling (silver in mercury) SolidLiquidOcean water (sodium chloride and other compounds in water) Solid Brass (zinc and copper)

12. If it walks like a duck and talks like a duck, it’s a… Suspensions and Colloids are like solutions, but they’re not. Suspensions - The particles in suspensions are larger than those found in solutions. Components of a suspension can be evenly distributed by a mechanical means, like by shaking the contents, but the components will settle out. Example: Oil and Water Colloids - Particles intermediate in size between those found in solutions and suspensions can be mixed so they remain evenly distributed without settling out. The mixture they form is called a colloidal dispersion. A colloidal dispersion consists of colloids in a dispersing medium. Example: Milk

13. If it walks like a duck and talks like a duck, it’s a… More Dispersions Liquids, solids, and gases all may be mixed to form colloidal dispersions. Aerosols : solid or liquid particles in a gas. Examples: Smoke is a solid in a gas. Fog is a liquid in a gas. Sols : solid particles in a liquid. Example: Milk of Magnesia is a sol with solid magnesium hydroxide in water. Emulsions : liquid particles in liquid. Example: Mayonnaise is oil in water. Gels : liquids in solid. Examples: gelatin is protein in water. Quicksand is sand in water. Telling Them Apart You can tell suspensions from colloids and solutions because the components of suspensions will eventually separate. Colloids can be distinguished from solutions using the Tyndall effect. A beam of light passing through a true solution, such as air, is not visible. Light passing through a colloidal dispersion, such as smoky or foggy air, will be reflected by the larger particles and the light beam will be visible.

14. If it walks like a duck and talks like a duck, it’s a… Suspensions and Colloids are like solutions, but they’re not. Suspensions – similar to a solution, but the solute particles are larger and will settle out over time. Example: Oil and Water Colloids – similar to a solution, but particles are smaller than in a suspension but larger than in a solution. Example: Milk

15. Ready for some practice?

16. SolutionsSolventSolute Salt Water Sweet Tea Lemonade Kool Aid Hot Chocolate Smarties in your mouth

18. Solubility key terms:

20. In other words, things that effect the rate of solubility.

23. http://youtu.be/2IA5Cv_5-g8

28. Saturated solution – a solution in which the solvent cannot dissolve any more solute (at a given temperature) Saturated solution – a solution in which the solvent cannot dissolve any more solute (at a given temperature) Unsaturated solution – a solution in which the solvent can dissolve more solute Unsaturated solution – a solution in which the solvent can dissolve more solute

29. Supersaturated solution – a solution in which the solvent contains a higher-than-saturation concentration of solute! Supersaturated solution – a solution in which the solvent contains a higher-than-saturation concentration of solute! How is that possible? How is that possible? Remember the things that effect the rate of solubility? (temperature, etc. )

31. - a line graph that shows how much solute can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a particular temperature

33. This is a lot of material to take in! If you’re thinking it, someone is too! You might never know if you don’t ask! Okay. I’ll stop.