1. “The extended reconstructed sea surface temperature (ERSST) was constructed using the most recently available International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) SST data and improved statistical methods that allow stable reconstruction using sparse data. This monthly analysis begins January 1854, but because of sparse data the analyzed signal is heavily damped before 1880. Afterwards the strength of the signal is more consistent over time”ICOADS

2. Global SST anomaly presented two ways

3. Anomalies by basin and region

4. Reynolds and Smith, 1981-2006 Strong Northern Hemisphere Bias in Recent Warming

5. How do we calculate PDO? Remove global SST anomaly from each pixel Remove global SST anomaly from each pixel Remove seasonal cycle of each pixel Remove seasonal cycle of each pixel Calculate principal component Calculate principal component We have done this for different areas We have done this for different areas

6. Global PDO

7. Should it be the Global Multi-decadal Oscillation? Regime shift Pacific Decadal Oscillation